NDLI: Folate intake and incidence of hypertension among American young adults: a 20-y follow-up study.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Xun, Pengcheng Liu, Kiang Loria, Catherine M. Bujnowski, Deborah Shikany, James M. Schreiner, Pamela J. Sidney, Stephen He, Ka
Description	Country affiliation: United States Author Affiliation: Xun P ( Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.)
Abstract	BACKGROUND: Laboratory studies suggest that folate intake may decrease blood pressure (BP) through increasing nitric oxide synthesis in endothelial cells and/or reducing plasma homocysteine concentrations. However, human studies, particularly longitudinal data, are limited. OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to investigate whether dietary folate intake is associated with the 20-y incidence of hypertension. DESIGN: We prospectively followed 4400 men and women (African Americans and whites aged 18-30 y) without hypertension at baseline (1985) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults study 6 times, in 1987, 1990, 1992, 1995, 2000, and 2005. Diet was assessed by dietary-history questionnaire at baseline and in 1992 and 2005. Incident hypertension was defined as the first occurrence at any follow-up examination of systolic BP ≥ 140 mm Hg, diastolic BP ≥ 90 mm Hg, or use of antihypertensive medication. RESULTS: A total of 989 incident cases were identified during the 20-y follow-up. After adjustment for potential confounders, participants in the highest quintile of total folate intake had a significantly lower incidence of hypertension (HR: 0.48; 95% CI: 0.38, 0.62; P-trend < 0.01) than did those in the lowest quintile. The multivariable HRs for the same comparison were 0.33 (95% CI: 0.22, 0.51; P-trend < 0.01) in whites and 0.54 (95% CI: 0.40, 0.75; P-trend < 0.01) in African Americans (P-interaction = 0.047). The inverse associations were confirmed in a subset of the cohort (n = 1445) with serum folate measured at baseline and in 1992 and 2000. CONCLUSIONS: Higher folate intake in young adulthood was longitudinally associated with a lower incidence of hypertension later in life. This inverse association was more pronounced in whites. Additional studies are warranted to establish the causal inference.
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	00029165
e-ISSN	19383207
DOI	10.3945/ajcn.111.027250
Journal	American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	95
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Nutrition
Publisher Date	2012-05-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Discipline Nutritional Sciences Diet Folic Acid Administration & Dosage Hypertension Epidemiology Adolescent African Americans Blood Pressure European Continental Ancestry Group Blood Homocysteine Interviews As Topic Longitudinal Studies Proportional Hazards Models Prospective Studies Regression Analysis Risk Factors Questionnaires Vitamin B 12 Vitamin B 6 Research Support, N.i.h., Extramural
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nutrition and Dietetics Medicine

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