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| Content Provider | World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus |
|---|---|
| Author | Swart, A. C. Smith, C. |
| Description | Author Affiliation: Swart AC ( Dept Biochemistry, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. Electronic address: acswart@sun.ac.za.); Smith C ( Dept Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, South Africa. Electronic address: csmith@sun.ac.za.) |
| Abstract | ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Stress-related illnesses rate among the most prevalent non-fatal diseases globally. With the global trend for consumer bias towards natural medicine, the Sceletium plant has become more prominent in the field of natural products. Although potentially useful effects of Sceletium tortuosum on the central nervous system have been reported, limited data is available on effects of the plant in the peripheral compartment. AIM OF THE STUDY: The current study aimed to elucidate the effect(s) of a Sceletium extract (TRI) rich in mesembrine (1% of plant extract w/w), on adrenal steroid biosynthesis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Steroidogenesis was assessed basally and in response to stimuli (forskolin, angiotensin II, KCl), in human adrenocortical carcinoma cells (H295R). Steroid hormone levels were assessed using UPLC-MS/MS. UPLC-MS analyses of TRI identified major alkaloids Δ7-mesembrenone, mesembrenone and mesembrine. RESULTS: Highest dose TRI treatment (1 mg/ml, 34.5 µM mesembrine) increased pregnenolone and decreased 16-hydroxyprogesterone levels (both P<0.00001) in forskolin-stimulated conditions only, suggesting CYP17 enzyme inhibition. This led to significant inhibition of forskolin-associated increases in cortisol levels at the highest dose (P<0.001) and basal cortisol levels across all doses (P<0.0001). Independently of forskolin, TRI inhibited androstenedione and testosterone production across all doses (both P<0.00001), suggesting inhibition of 3ßHSD and 17ßHSD respectively. TRI decreased both the angiotensin II- (P<0.05) and forskolin-induced (P<0.0001) increases in aldosterone production. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest potentially beneficial effects of TRI in the context of stress and hypertension. These should be further investigated in a whole organism model, while the effects on the androgenic pathway should also be further elucidated. |
| File Format | HTM / HTML |
| ISSN | 03788741 |
| Volume Number | 177 |
| e-ISSN | 18727573 |
| Journal | Journal of Ethnopharmacology |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Elsevier |
| Publisher Date | 2016-01-11 |
| Publisher Place | Ireland |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Discipline Ethnopharmacology Androgens Metabolism Glucocorticoids Indole Alkaloids Pharmacology Mesembryanthemum Chemistry Mineralocorticoids Plant Extracts Cell Line, Tumor Gene Expression Regulation Drug Effects Physiology Humans Plants, Medicinal Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Drug Discovery Pharmacology |
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