NDLI: In vitro phenotypic characterisation of two genotype I African swine fever viruses with genomic deletion isolated from Sardinian wild boars

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Franzoni, Giulia Fiori, Mariangela S. Mura, Lorena Carta, Tania Di Nardo, Antonello Floris, Matteo Ferretti, Luca Zinellu, Susanna Angioi, Pier Paolo Sechi, Anna Maria Carusillo, Francesca Brundu, Diego Fadda, Manlio Bazzardi, Riccardo Giammarioli, Monica Cappai, Stefano Dei Giudici, Silvia Oggiano, Annalisa
Abstract	African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a devastating disease affecting domestic and wild pigs. ASF was first introduced in Sardinia in 1978 and until 2019 only genotype I isolates were identified. A remarkable genetic stability of Sardinian ASFV isolates was described, nevertheless in 2019 two wild boar isolates with a sustained genomic deletion (4342 base pairs) were identified (7303WB/19, 7212WB/19). In this study, we therefore performed in vitro experiments with monocyte-derived macrophages (moMФ) to unravel the phenotypic characteristics of these deleted viruses. Both 7303WB/19 and 7212WB/19 presented a lower growth kinetic in moMФ compared to virulent Sardinian 26544/OG10, using either a high (1) or a low (0.01) multiplicity of infection (MOI). In addition, flow cytometric analysis showed that both 7303WB/19 and 7212WB/19 presented lower intracellular levels of both early and late ASFV proteins. We subsequently investigated whether deleted virus variants were previously circulating in wild boars in Sardinia. In the four years preceding the last genotype I isolation (February 2015–January 2019), other eight wild boar isolates were collected, all belonging to p72 genotype I, B602L subgroup X, but none of them presented a sustained genomic deletion. Overall, we observed the deleted virus isolates in Sardinia only in 2019, at the end of a strong eradication campaign, and our data suggest that it might possess an attenuated phenotype in vivo. A better understanding of ASFV evolution in endemic territories might contribute to development of effective control measures against ASF.
Related Links	https://veterinaryresearch.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s13567-024-01332-8.pdf
Ending Page	12
Page Count	12
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	12979716
DOI	10.1186/s13567-024-01332-8
Journal	Veterinary Research
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	55
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-06-07
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Veterinary Medicine Veterinary Science Virology Microbiology Immunology African swine fever virus wild boar macrophages cytokines genomic deletion sequencing Veterinary Medicine/Veterinary Science
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Veterinary Medicine
Journal Impact Factor	3.7/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.8/2023

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