NDLI: Single-dose rAAV5-based vaccine provides long-term protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Liao, Guochao Lau, Hungyan Liu, Zhongqiu Li, Chinyu Xu, Zeping Qi, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Yu Feng, Qian Li, Runze Deng, Xinyu Li, Yebo Zhu, Qing Zhu, Sisi Zhou, Hua Pan, Hudan Fan, Xingxing Li, Yongchao Li, Dan Chen, Liqing Ke, Bixia Cong, Zhe Lv, Qi Liu, Jiangning Liang, Dan Li, An’an Hong, Wenshan Bao, Linlin Zhou, Feng Gao, Hongbin Liang, Shi Huang, Bihong Wu, Miaoli Qin, Chuan Ke, Changwen Liu, Liang
Abstract	The COVID-19 pandemic, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus and its variants, has posed unprecedented challenges worldwide. Existing vaccines have limited effectiveness against SARS-CoV-2 variants. Therefore, novel vaccines to match mutated viral lineages by providing long-term protective immunity are urgently needed. We designed a recombinant adeno-associated virus 5 (rAAV5)-based vaccine (rAAV-COVID-19) by using the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD-plus) sequence with both single-stranded (ssAAV5) and self-complementary (scAAV5) delivery vectors and found that it provides excellent protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection. A single-dose vaccination in mice induced a robust immune response; induced neutralizing antibody (NA) titers were maintained at a peak level of over 1:1024 more than a year post-injection and were accompanied by functional T-cell responses. Importantly, both ssAAV- and scAAV-based RBD-plus vaccines produced high levels of serum NAs against the circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, including Alpha, Beta, Gamma and Delta. A SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge showed that the ssAAV5-RBD-plus vaccine protected both young and old mice from SARS-CoV-2 infection in the upper and lower respiratory tracts. Whole genome sequencing demonstrated that AAV vector DNA sequences were not found in the genomes of vaccinated mice one year after vaccination, demonstrating vaccine safety. These results suggest that the rAAV5-based vaccine is safe and effective against SARS-CoV-2 and several variants as it provides long-term protective immunity. This novel vaccine has a significant potential for development into a human prophylactic vaccination to help end the global pandemic.
Related Links	https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12985-022-01940-w.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1186/s12985-022-01940-w
Journal	Virology Journal
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	19
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2022-12-09
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Virology SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine rAAV5 Neutralizing antibodies Virus challenge
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.8/2023

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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