NDLI: Identification of a neutralizing linear epitope within the VP1 protein of coxsackievirus A10

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Zhu, Hanyu Liu, Xin Wu, Yue He, Yunyi Zheng, Huanying Liu, Hongbo Liu, Qiliang
Abstract	Background Coxsackievirus A10 (CV-A10) is a leading cause of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). It is necessary to identify neutralizing epitopes to investigate and develop an epitope-based vaccine against CV-A10. The viral protein VP1 is the immunodominant capsid protein and contains the critical neutralizing epitope. However, neutralizing epitopes within VP1 protein of CV-A10 have not been well characterized. Methods Bioinformatics techniques were applied to predict linear epitopes on the CV-A10 VP1 protein. The advanced structural features of epitopes were analyzed by three-dimensional (3D) modeling. The anticipated epitope peptides were synthesized and used to immunize mice as antigens. ELISA and micro-neutralization assay were used to determine the specific IgG antibody and neutralizing antibody titers. The protective efficacy of the epitope peptides in vivo was evaluated using a passive immunization/challenge assay. Results Three linear epitopes (EP3, EP4, and EP5) were predicted on CV-A10 VP1, all spatially exposed on the capsid surface, and exhibited adequate immunogenicity. However, only EP4, corresponding to residues 162–176 of VP1, demonstrated potent neutralization against CV-A10. To determine the neutralizing capacity of EP4 further, EP4 double-peptide was synthesized and injected into mice. The mean neutralizing antibody titer of the anti-EP4 double-peptide sera was 1:50.79, which provided 40% protection against lethal infection with CV-A10 in neonatal mice. In addition, sequence and advanced structural analysis revealed that EP4 was highly conserved among representative strains of CV-A10 and localized in the EF loop region of VP1, like EV-A71 SP55 or CV-A16 PEP55. Conclusions These data demonstrate that EP4 is a specific linear neutralizing epitope on CV-A10 VP1. Its protective efficacy can be enhanced by increasing its copy number, which will be the foundation for developing a CV-A10 epitope-based vaccine.
Related Links	https://virologyj.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12985-022-01939-3.pdf
Ending Page	10
Page Count	10
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
DOI	10.1186/s12985-022-01939-3
Journal	Virology Journal
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	19
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2022-12-01
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Virology Coxsackievirus A10 Epitope Neutralization Bioinformatics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Virology Infectious Diseases
Journal Impact Factor	4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.8/2023

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