NDLI: Effect of empagliflozin on total myocardial infarction events by type and additional coronary outcomes: insights from the randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Fitchett, David Zinman, Bernard Inzucchi, Silvio E. Wanner, Christoph Anker, Stefan D. Pocock, Stuart Mattheus, Michaela Vedin, Ola Lund, Søren S.
Abstract	Background The effect of empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose-co-transporter-2 inhibitor, on risk for myocardial infarction has not been fully characterized. Methods This study comprised prespecified and post-hoc analyses of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial in which 7020 people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease [mostly atherosclerotic (ASCVD)] were randomized to empagliflozin or placebo and followed for a median 3.1 years. We assessed the effect of empagliflozin on total (first plus recurrent) events of centrally adjudicated fatal and non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI) using a negative binomial model with robust confidence intervals (CI) that preserves randomization and accounts for the within-patient correlation of multiple events. Post hoc, we analyzed types of MI: type 1 (related to plaque-rupture/thrombus), type 2 (myocardial supply–demand imbalance), type 3 (sudden-death related, i.e. fatal MI), type 4 (percutaneous coronary intervention-related), and type 5 (coronary artery bypass graft-related). MIs could be assigned to > 1 type. Results There were 421 total MIs (including recurrent); 299, 86, 26, 19, and 1 were classified as type 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 events, respectively. Overall, empagliflozin reduced the risk of total MI events by 21% [rate ratio for empagliflozin vs. placebo, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.620–0.998), P = 0.0486], largely driven by its effect on type 1 [rate ratio, 0.79 (95% CI, 0.61–1.04)] and type 2 MIs [rate ratio, 0.67 (95% CI, 0.41–1.10)]. Conclusions In T2D patients with ASCVD, empagliflozin reduced the risk of MIs, with consistent effects across the two most common etiologies, i.e. type 1 and 2. Trail Registration: URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov ; Unique identifier: NCT01131676.
Related Links	https://cardiab.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12933-024-02328-6.pdf
Ending Page	7
Page Count	7
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14752840
DOI	10.1186/s12933-024-02328-6
Journal	Cardiovascular Diabetology
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	23
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-07-11
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Diabetes Angiology Cardiology Diabetes mellitus Type 2 Myocardial infarction Sodium-glucose transporter 2 inhibitors
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine Internal Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism
Journal Impact Factor	8.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	8.9/2023

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Empagliflozin reduced long-term HbA1c variability and cardiovascular death: insights from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial

Short-Term Changes in Albuminuria and Risk of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial.

SGLT2 Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Do they Differ or there is a Class Effect? New Insights from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial and the CVD-REAL Study.

Short‐Term Changes in Albuminuria and Risk of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME Trial

Closing the knowledge gap on cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial and beyond

Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor: Comparing Trial Data and Real-World Use

Sodium/glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor, Empagliflozin, Alleviated Transient Expression of SGLT2 after Myocardial Infarction.

Empagliflozin reduces the risk of mortality and hospitalization for heart failure across Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Heart Failure in Diabetes categories: Post hoc analysis of the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME trial

Cardiovascular outcomes and LDL-cholesterol levels in EMPA-REG OUTCOME®

Effect of empagliflozin on total myocardial infarction events by type and additional coronary outcomes: insights from the randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial

Similar Documents

Empagliflozin reduced long-term HbA1c variability and cardiovascular death: insights from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial

Short-Term Changes in Albuminuria and Risk of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial.

SGLT2 Inhibitors and Cardiovascular Outcomes: Do they Differ or there is a Class Effect? New Insights from the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial and the CVD-REAL Study.

Short‐Term Changes in Albuminuria and Risk of Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Post Hoc Analysis of the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME Trial

Closing the knowledge gap on cardiovascular disease in type 2 diabetes: the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial and beyond

Sodium-Glucose Co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor: Comparing Trial Data and Real-World Use

Sodium/glucose Co-Transporter 2 Inhibitor, Empagliflozin, Alleviated Transient Expression of SGLT2 after Myocardial Infarction.

Empagliflozin reduces the risk of mortality and hospitalization for heart failure across Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction Risk Score for Heart Failure in Diabetes categories: Post hoc analysis of the EMPA‐REG OUTCOME trial

Cardiovascular outcomes and LDL-cholesterol levels in EMPA-REG OUTCOME®

Effect of empagliflozin on total myocardial infarction events by type and additional coronary outcomes: insights from the randomized EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial