NDLI: Effect of short-term fasting on the cisplatin activity in human oral squamous cell carcinoma cell line HN5 and chemotherapy side effects

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Sheykhbahaei, Nafiseh Tameemi, Ahmed Hayder AL Koopaie, Maryam
Abstract	Background Ketogenic interventions like short-term fasting show potential as complementary therapies to enhance the effectiveness of chemotherapy for cancer. However, the specific effects of fasting on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells and healthy oral mucosa cells during these treatments are not well understood. This study investigates whether short-term fasting can differentially impact HNSCC cell survival and viability compared to healthy keratinocytes while undergoing standard chemotherapy regimens. Methods This study investigated the effects of fasting on cell viability in HN5 cell line and healthy oral keratinocyte cells. The HN5 cell line, derived from human tongue squamous cell carcinoma, and primary human keratinocytes isolated from the basal layer of gingival epithelium were divided into three groups: (1) control, (2) treated with the standard chemotherapeutic agent cisplatin, and (3) treated with cisplatin under fasting conditions achieved through 48-hour glucose restriction mimicking the blood glucose levels of fasted individuals. Cell proliferation was assessed at 48 and 72 h using the MTT assay, a colorimetric method based on mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity. Flow cytometry analysis with specific apoptosis and necrosis markers distinguished between early and late apoptotic, necrotic, and viable cells. Results Cell viability in HN5 and healthy keratinocyte cells decreased in cisplatin with low glucose groups compared to cisplatin and control groups. The same results were observed for healthy keratinocyte cells; only a decrease in cell viability in cisplatin groups compared to control groups was observed, which was not statistically significant. Cell apoptosis in HN5 and healthy keratinocyte cells increased in cisplatin with low glucose groups compared to cisplatin and control groups. In healthy keratinocyte cells, the cisplatin with low glucose group showed an impressive increase in necrosis, late apoptosis, and early apoptosis and a significant decrease in live cells compared with other groups. Conclusion This study revealed that short-term fasting chemotherapy significantly improved HNSCC cell line apoptosis and necrosis.
Related Links	https://bmccancer.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12885-024-12752-2.pdf
Ending Page	11
Page Count	11
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712407
DOI	10.1186/s12885-024-12752-2
Journal	BMC Cancer
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	24
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-08-09
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Cancer Research Oncology Surgical Oncology Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Biomedicine Medicine Public Health Fasting Squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck Keratinocytes Apoptosis Necrosis Medicine/Public Health
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cancer Research Oncology Genetics
Journal Impact Factor	3.4/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	3.8/2023

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