NDLI: Genome-wide analysis of the WRKY gene family and their response to low-temperature stress in elephant grass

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Mao, Chunli Zhang, Jian Zhang, Yaning Wang, Bixian Li, Weihang Wang, Xiaoshan Huang, Linkai
Abstract	Backgroud Elephant grass (Cenchrus purpureus) is a perennial forage grass characterized by tall plants, high biomass and wide adaptability. Low-temperature stress severely limits elephant grass biomass and geographic distribution. WRKY is one of the largest families of plant-specific transcription factors and plays important roles in plant resistance to low-temperature. However, the understanding of the WRKY family in grasses is limited. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide characterization of WRKY proteins in elephant grass, including gene structure, phylogeny, expression, conserved motif organization, and functional annotation, to identify key CpWRKY candidates involved in cold tolerance. Results In this study, a total of 176 WRKY genes were identified in elephant grass. It was found that 172 were unevenly distributed across its 14 chromosomes, while the remaining 4 genes were not anchored to any chromosome. The genes were classified into three groups based on their WRKY conserved domains and zinc finger motifs. There were 12, 8, 19, 27, 12, 18 and 80 CpWRKYs belonging to group I, group IIa, group IIb, group IIc, group IId, group IIe and group III, respectively. We hypothesized that the ancient subgroup IIc WRKY gene is the ancestor of all WRKY genes in elephant grass. Most CpWRKYs in the same group have similar structure and motif composition. A total of 169 duplicate gene pairs were identified, suggesting that segmental duplication might have contributed to the expansion of the CpWRKY gene family. Ka/Ks analysis revealed that most of the CpWRKYs were subjected to purifying selection during the evolution. It was also found that six genes (CpWRKY51, CpWRKY81, CpWRKY100, CpWRKY101, CpWRKY140 and CpWRKY143) exhibited higher expression in roots compare to leaves, and were significantly induced by low temperature stress. Among them, CpWRKY81 had the highest expression under low-temperature stress, and its over-expression significantly enhanced the cold tolerance in yeast. Conlusions In this study, we characterized WRKY genes in elephant grass and further investigated their physicochemical properties, evolution, and expression patterns under low-temperature stress. This research provides valuable resources for identifying key CpWRKY genes that contribute to cold tolerance in elephant grass.
Related Links	https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12864-024-10844-8.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712164
DOI	10.1186/s12864-024-10844-8
Journal	BMC Genomics
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-10-08
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Life Sciences Microarrays Proteomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Microbial Genetics and Genomics Plant Genetics and Genomics Elephant grass WRKY Low-temperature Root Transcription factor
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biotechnology Genetics
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	4.1/2023

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