NDLI: Insights into bs5 resistance mechanisms in pepper against Xanthomonas euvesicatoria through transcriptome profiling

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Subedi, Aastha Minsavage, Gerald V. Roberts, Pamela D. Goss, Erica M. Sharma, Anuj Jones, Jeffrey B.
Abstract	Background Bacterial spot of pepper (BSP), caused by four different Xanthomonas species, primarily X. euvesicatoria (Xe), poses a significant challenge in pepper cultivation. Host resistance is considered the most important approach for BSP control, offering long-term protection and sustainability. While breeding for resistance to BSP for many years focused on dominant R genes, introgression of recessive resistance has been a more recent focus of breeding programs. The molecular interactions underlying recessive resistance remain poorly understood. Results In this study, transcriptomic analyses were performed to elucidate defense responses triggered by Xe race P6 infection by two distinct pepper lines: the Xe-resistant line ECW50R containing bs5, a recessive resistance gene that confers resistance to all pepper Xe races, and the Xe-susceptible line ECW. The results revealed a total of 3357 upregulated and 4091 downregulated genes at 0, 1, 2, and 4 days post-inoculation (dpi), with the highest number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) observed at 2 dpi. Pathway analysis highlighted DEGs in key pathways such as plant-pathogen interaction, MAPK signaling pathway, plant hormone signal transduction, and photosynthesis – antenna proteins, along with cysteine and methionine metabolism. Notably, upregulation of genes associated with PAMP-Triggered Immunity (PTI) was observed, including components like FLS2, Ca-dependent pathways, Rboh, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. In support of these results, infiltration of ECW50R leaves with bacterial suspension of Xe led to observable hydrogen peroxide accumulation without a rapid increase in electrolyte leakage, suggestive of the absence of Effector-Triggered Immunity (ETI). Furthermore, the study confirmed that bs5 does not disrupt the effector delivery system, as evidenced by incompatible interactions between avirulence genes and their corresponding dominant resistant genes in the bs5 background. Conclusion Overall, these findings provide insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying bs5-mediated resistance in pepper against Xe and suggest a robust defense mechanism in ECW50R, primarily mediated through PTI. Given that bs5 provides early strong response for resistance, combining this resistance with other dominant resistance genes will enhance the durability of resistance to BSP.
Related Links	https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12864-024-10604-8.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712164
DOI	10.1186/s12864-024-10604-8
Journal	BMC Genomics
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-07-23
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Life Sciences Microarrays Proteomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Microbial Genetics and Genomics Plant Genetics and Genomics bs5 Xanthomonas Transcriptomics ECW Bacterial-spot PTI Recessive-resistance
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biotechnology Genetics
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	4.1/2023

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