NDLI: Evolution of unexpected diversity in a putative mating type locus and its correlation with genome variability reveals likely asexuality in the model mycorrhizal fungus Rhizophagus irregularis

Content Provider	Springer Nature : BioMed Central
Author	Lee, Soon-Jae Risse, Eric Mateus, Ivan D. Sanders, Ian R.
Abstract	Background Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) form mutualistic partnerships with approximately 80% of plant species. AMF, and their diversity, play a fundamental role in plant growth, driving plant diversity, and global carbon cycles. Knowing whether AMF are sexual or asexual has fundamental consequences for how they can be used in agricultural applications. Evidence for and against sexuality in the model AMF, Rhizophagus irregularis, has been proposed. The discovery of a putative mating-type locus (MAT locus) in R. irregularis, and the previously suggested recombination among nuclei of a dikaryon R. irregularis isolate, potentially suggested sexuality. Unless undergoing frequent sexual reproduction, evolution of MAT-locus diversity is expected to be very low. Additionally, in sexual species, MAT-locus evolution is decoupled from the evolution of arbitrary genome-wide loci. Results We studied MAT-locus diversity of R. irregularis. This was then compared to diversification in a phosphate transporter gene (PTG), that is not involved in sex, and to genome-wide divergence, defined by 47,378 single nucleotide polymorphisms. Strikingly, we found unexpectedly high MAT-locus diversity indicating that either it is not involved in sex, or that AMF are highly active in sex. However, a strongly congruent evolutionary history of the MAT-locus, PTG and genome-wide arbitrary loci allows us to reject both the hypothesis that the MAT-locus is involved in mating and that the R. irregularis lineage is sexual. Conclusion Our finding shapes the approach to developing more effective AMF strains and is highly informative as it suggests that introduced strains applied in agriculture will not exchange DNA with native populations.
Related Links	https://bmcgenomics.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12864-024-10770-9.pdf
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
Starting Page	1
File Format	HTM / HTML
ISSN	14712164
DOI	10.1186/s12864-024-10770-9
Journal	BMC Genomics
Issue Number	1
Volume Number	25
Language	English
Publisher	BioMed Central
Publisher Date	2024-09-20
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Life Sciences Microarrays Proteomics Animal Genetics and Genomics Microbial Genetics and Genomics Plant Genetics and Genomics Rhizophagus irregularis Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) Mating-type Recombination Asexuality Asexual reproduction Loss of sex
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Biotechnology Genetics
Journal Impact Factor	3.5/2023
5-Year Journal Impact Factor	4.1/2023

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