NDLI: The role of macrobenthic communities for sediment-water material exchange in the Sylt-Rømø tidal basin

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Asmus, Harald Asmus, Ragnhild
Copyright Year	1998
Abstract	The role of dominant macrobenthic communities for the material budget of the Sylt-Rømø tidal basin was investigated in the course of the SWAP project by measuringin situ flux rates with the flume technique. Mussel beds, seagrass beds andArenicola flats were found to be sinks for particles, whereas sandy shoals and elevated sands, poor in macrofauna, acted as sources for particles. Dissolved inorganic nitrogen was released by communities which were dominated by macrozoobenthos. Seagrass beds were sinks for nutrients on calm days, but released also dissolved material when storms induced high water turbulence. The total intertidal area of the basin was a sink for particles and a source for dissolved substances. However, the character of the whole ecosystem was determined by the dominating subtidal area which covered 2/3 of the area of the basin. Therefore, the subtidal exchange processes were assessed by extrapolating exchange rates from intertidal communities with comparable sediments and macrobenthic densities. Subtidal benthic communities were sparsely populated compared to the intertidal communities and their material exchange was directed from the bottom to the water column. These release processes were supported by physical forces as strong currents and water turbulence. Mussel beds were counteracting the continuous export of material from the subtidal sea floor to the water. Mussel beds and seagrass beds play an important role for the material budget, which is shown in a scenario in which both communities were excluded from the system. For the Sylt-Rømø tidal basin historical changes of benthic communities and water dynamics are reported and a possible interplay between the functioning of benthic communities and physical forces is discussed.Die Rolle der dominanten Makrobenthos-Gemeinschaften für den Materialaustausch des Sylt-Rømø-Tidebeckens wurde im Verlauf des SWAP-Projektes anhand von Messungen derin situ-Flußraten mit Hilfe der Flume-Technik untersucht. Für Partikel waren Muschelbänke, Seegraswiesen undArenicola-Sandwatten Senken, während Stromsände und hochgelegene Sände, die arm an Makrofauna waren, als Partikel-Quellen wirkten. Gelöster anorganischer Stickstoff wurde von solchen Gemeinschaften freigesetzt, in denen Makrozoobenthos dominierte. Seegraswiesen waren Senken für Nährsalze während ruhiger Wetterlagen, setzten jedoch Nährstoffe frei, wenn die Wasserturbulenz durch Stürme erhöht war. Das gesamte Gezeitengebiet der Bucht wirkte als Partikelsenke und als Nährsalzquelle. Trotzdem wurde das gesamte Ökosystem durch das Sublitoral geprägt, das 2/3 der Fläche der Bucht einnahm. Daher wurden für das Sublitoral Austauschraten geschätzt, indem die Austauschraten von im Sediment und der Makrobenthosdichte vergleichbaren eulitoralen Gemeinschaften auf das Sublitoral extrapoliert wurden. Die sublitoralen Benthos-gemeinschaften waren im Vergleich zu eulitoralen Gemeinschaften dünn besiedelt, und der Materialaustausch war in diesen Bereichen vom Boden in die Wassersäule gerichtet. Diese Freisetzungsprozesse wurden durch physikalische Kräfte, wie starke Strömungen, unterstützt. Muschelbänke wirkten dem kontinuierlichen Materialexport vom sublitoralen Meeresboden ins Wasser entgegen. Muschelbänke und Seegraswiesen spielten daher eine wichtige Rolle für den Stoffhaushalt. Dies zeigen Szenarios, in denen Muschelbänke oder Seegraswiesen aus dem Stoffhaushalt des Ökosystems der Sylt-Rømø-Bucht ausgeschlossen wurden. Für die Sylt-Rømø-Bucht sind historische Veränderungen sowohl in der Zusammensetzung der benthischen Gemeinschaften als auch für die Wassermenge und -dynamik bekannt. Mögliche Wechselwirkungen zwischen der Funktion der Benthosgemeinschaften und den physikalischen Kräften werden diskutiert.
Starting Page	111
Ending Page	119
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	0080889X
Journal	Marine Biodiversity
Volume Number	29
Issue Number	1-6
Language	German
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	1998-01-01
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Mussel beds seagrass beds Arenicola flats sandy flats sediment water exchange exchange processes tidal basin Biodiversity Freshwater & Marine Ecology Plant Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography Animal Systematics/Taxonomy/Biogeography
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Aquatic Science Oceanography

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