NDLI: An Assessment of Morphological, Physiological and Biochemical Biomarkers of Industrial Air Pollution in the Leaves of Brachylaena discolor

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Areington, Candyce Ann Varghese, Boby Ramdhani, Syd
Copyright Year	2015
Abstract	Bioindicators are useful in monitoring air pollution. This study assessed the efficacy of various tree leaf morphological, physiological and biochemical biomarkers in reflecting different intensities of air pollution. Leaves from Brachylaena discolor trees growing 0, 2.5, 6 and 11 km from an industrial hub (pollution source) in eThekwini, South Africa, were analysed for leaf area, chlorophyll (Chl) content, superoxide and hydrogen peroxide (H$_{2}$O$_{2}$) production, electrolyte leakage, total antioxidant activity and concentration of selected minerals. B. discolor saplings grown under greenhouse conditions served as an ex situ control. Surface SO$_{2}$ and NO$_{x}$ levels which were measured at the in situ and control sites declined significantly with increasing distance from the source but were below detectable limits at the control site. At the site closest to the source, leaf area was significantly lower and Chl, electrolyte leakage, and copper (Cu) and phosphorous (P) levels were significantly higher than the control. Leaf area was significantly positively, and Chl content significantly negatively, correlated with distance from the source, while H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ production, electrolyte leakage and Cu and P concentrations were all significantly negatively correlated with distance from the source. The aforementioned parameters represent potential biomarkers of air pollution in B. discolor and in some cases (e.g., H$_{2}$O$_{2}$ and electrolyte leakage; leaf area and leaf Chl content) should be measured in conjunction with each other to accommodate for interactive effects. Using B. discolor leaves as bioindicators of air pollution may represent a more viable option for monitoring air pollution than monitoring stations.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	14
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00496979
Journal	Water, Air, and Soil Pollution
Volume Number	226
Issue Number	9
e-ISSN	15732932
Language	English
Publisher	Springer International Publishing
Publisher Date	2015-08-11
Publisher Place	Cham
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Air pollution Bioindicator Biomarker Brachylaena discolor Oxidative stress Environment Water Quality/Water Pollution Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution Soil Science & Conservation Hydrogeology Climate Change/Climate Change Impacts
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Ecological Modeling Environmental Chemistry Pollution Environmental Engineering Water Science and Technology

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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