NDLI: Plasma: The Fourth State of Matter

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Burm, K. T. A. L.
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	The plasma state is frequently referred to as the fourth state of matter in the sequence: solid, liquid, gas, and plasma. The statement implies that plasma is another phase. Each state is achieved by adding heat to the previous state. The first three states are the three common phases achieved via phase transitions. The statement that plasmas are the fourth state of matter is examined considering phase transitions. It is shown that the transition from gas to plasma is not a phase transition similar to the other phase transitions at which transitions the differential of the Gibbs free energy equals zero. Therefore, strictly speaking, plasmas are better not called the fourth state of matter.
Starting Page	401
Ending Page	407
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISSN	02724324
Journal	Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing
Volume Number	32
Issue Number	2
e-ISSN	15728986
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2012-02-17
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Plasma fundamentals Plasma thermodynamics Phase transitions Mechanics Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Inorganic Chemistry Mechanical Engineering Nuclear Physics, Heavy Ions, Hadrons
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Surfaces, Coatings and Films Condensed Matter Physics Chemical Engineering

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Plasma: The Fourth State of Matter