NDLI: Astrocytes Protect Against Copper-Catalysed Loss of Extracellular Glutathione

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Pope, Simon A. S. Milton, Rosemary Heales, Simon J. R.
Copyright Year	2008
Abstract	Glutathione (GSH) is one of the major antioxidants in the brain. GSH is secreted by astrocytes and this extracellular GSH is used by neurones to maintain and increase their intracellular GSH levels. For efficient GSH trafficking between astrocytes and neurones, GSH needs to be maintained in the reduced form. In model systems, GSH trafficking has been shown to be essential for neuroprotection against a variety of stress conditions. Previously we and others have shown that GSH and thiols are unstable in cell culture media and are easily oxidised. In the present study it is shown that nanomolar concentrations of copper (II) ions can cause decay of GSH in cell culture media. Increased free or redox active copper has been implicated in a variety of diseases and degradation of extracellular GSH is a possible mechanism by which it exerts its harmful effects. Rat astrocytes, a human astrocytoma cell line and astrocyte-conditioned media, in the absence of cells, are able to retard this copper-catalysed decay of GSH and maintain GSH in its reduced form. The protective effect of astrocytes appears to be a combination of copper removing and antioxidant mechanisms. The importance of these protective mechanisms is discussed with regards to neurodegenerative diseases.
Starting Page	1410
Ending Page	1418
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	33
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2008-03-12
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Glutathione Copper Oxidative stress Astrocytes Extracellular Neurology Biochemistry Neurosciences
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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