NDLI: Glutathione-Dependent Detoxification Processes in Astrocytes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Dringen, Ralf Brandmann, Maria Hohnholt, Michaela C. Blumrich, Eva Maria
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Astrocytes have a pivotal role in brain as partners of neurons in homeostatic and metabolic processes. Astrocytes also protect other types of brain cells against the toxicity of reactive oxygen species and are considered as first line of defence against the toxic potential of xenobiotics. A key component in many of the astrocytic detoxification processes is the tripeptide glutathione (GSH) which serves as electron donor in the GSH peroxidase-catalyzed reduction of peroxides. In addition, GSH is substrate in the detoxification of xenobiotics and endogenous compounds by GSH-S-transferases which generate GSH conjugates that are efficiently exported from the cells by multidrug resistance proteins. Moreover, GSH reacts with the reactive endogenous carbonyls methylglyoxal and formaldehyde to intermediates which are substrates of detoxifying enzymes. In this article we will review the current knowledge on the GSH metabolism of astrocytes with a special emphasis on GSH-dependent detoxification processes.
Starting Page	2570
Ending Page	2582
Page Count	13
File Format	PDF
ISSN	03643190
Journal	Neurochemical Research
Volume Number	40
Issue Number	12
e-ISSN	15736903
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2014-11-27
Publisher Place	New York
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Brain cells Conjugation GSH Peroxidases Oxidative stress S-transferases Neurosciences Neurochemistry Biochemistry Cell Biology Neurology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Biochemistry Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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