NDLI: Effect of Concentration of Zr$^{4+}$ and Ni$^{2+}$ Dopants on Electrical, Magnetic and Y–K Angle of Mg

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Faraz, Ahmad
Copyright Year	2011
Abstract	The complex Mg–Cu nanoferrites with composition Mg$_{0.5}$Cu$_{0.5}$Fe$_{2−2x }$Ni$_{ x }$Zr$_{ x }$O$_{4}$ (0.00≤x≤0.80) were synthesized by incorporating dopants Zr$^{4+}$ and Ni$^{2+}$ with the help of chemical co-precipitation method. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dc electrical and magnetic properties through laboratory-made two-probe resistivity apparatus and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). XRD confirmed the formation of single phase spinel nanoferrites having crystalline size in range 16–29 nm. The particle size (t) and lattice parameter (a) increase with the increase in concentration of dopants. The XRD results are in good agreement with SEM results. FTIR give valuable information about the presence of tetrahedral (A) and octahedral (B) sites by considering higher and lower frequency bands, respectively. The electrical properties, e.g. dc electrical resistivity (ρ $_{ d }$), drift mobility (μ $_{ d }$) and activation energy (E), were calculated. Resistivity data confirm semiconducting behavior of material. And it is observed that an abrupt increase in resistivity occurs up to x=0.40. While further increase in dopants concentration leads to decrease in resistivity. Magnetic hysteresis loops confirmed soft nature of synthesized material. Interesting magnetic behavior is observed that up to x=0.40 the value of saturation magnetization (M $_{ s }$), remanence (M $_{ r }$) and Bohr magneton (n $_{ B }$) increase and after that decrease in trend occurs. For x=0.40, minimum coercive force (H $_{ c }$) is observed. Y–K angle increases with increase in dopant concentration. So it is confirmed that the incorporation of dopant in small amount (x≤0.40) enhances magnetic properties and further increase of Zr$^{4+}$ can weaken magnetic properties.
Starting Page	1055
Ending Page	1063
Page Count	9
File Format	PDF
ISSN	15571939
Journal	Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism
Volume Number	25
Issue Number	4
e-ISSN	15571947
Language	English
Publisher	Springer US
Publisher Date	2011-11-18
Publisher Place	Boston
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Co-precipitation Spinel nanoferrites Saturation magnetization Remanence Characterization and Evaluation of Materials Magnetism, Magnetic Materials Strongly Correlated Systems, Superconductivity Condensed Matter Physics
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Condensed Matter Physics

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