NDLI: Green microalgae in removal and biotransformation of estradiol and ethinylestradiol

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Wang, Ping Wong, Yuk Shan Tam, ra Fung Yee
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	Estrogens, a group of steroid hormones, are serious environmental pollutants due to their persistence, ubiquity, and endocrine-disrupting toxicity. Natural and synthetic estrogens, such as 17β-estradiol (E2) and 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), respectively, have been found in the influent of municipal wastewater treatment plants. The removal and biotransformation of mixed or single E2 and EE2 by six microalgal species, including three local isolates of Chlamydomonas sp. (WW), Chlorella sp. (2f5aia), and Chlorella sp. (1uoai) and three commercially available species, namely Scenedesmus quadricauda (= Desmodesmus communis) (SQ), Selenastrum capricornutum (SC), and Chlorella vulgaris (CV), were compared. The biological removal of estrogen was incubation time- and species-dependent. Among six species, SC had the highest removal ability for both E2 and EE2; their removal increased with incubation time and achieved 93.9 and 75.3 % removal, respectively, at the end of incubation. After 7-day incubation, the removal percentage of mixed EE2 by SC was significantly higher than that of single EE2 (P ≤ 0.05). Differences in the removal percentages of E2 and EE2 between commercial and local species were not significant, as reflected by the comparable removal efficiency among three Chlorella species, CV, 1uoai, and 2f5aia, with the highest removal of E2, either in mixed or in single treatment, at day 2. In all species, the percentages of E2 or EE2 taken up into cells were very low (0.2–9.6 %) when compared to the respective biological removal percentages. E2 was easily transformed into estrone (E1) and some unknown products by all microalgal species, while the products for EE2 transformation could not be identified due to the limited availability of the standards for metabolites.
Starting Page	263
Ending Page	273
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	09218971
Journal	Journal of Applied Phycology
Volume Number	29
Issue Number	1
e-ISSN	15735176
Language	English
Publisher	Springer Netherlands
Publisher Date	2016-09-19
Publisher Place	Dordrecht
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Microalgae Estrogens Biotransformation Biodegradation Plant Sciences Freshwater & Marine Ecology Plant Physiology Ecology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Plant Science Aquatic Science

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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