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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Utschig, Heinz Pretzsch, Hans |
| Copyright Year | 2001 |
| Abstract | Der Versuch Waldleiningen 88 wurde im Jahr 1934 bei einem Bestandesalter von 48 Jahren durch ProfessorFabricius angelegt. Die Versuchsfläche liegt in der Nähe von Kaiserslautern im Südlichen Pfälzer Wald. Der Standort ist durch ein günstiges Klima, eine mittlere Nährstoffversorgung und ausreichenden Niederschlag in der Vegetationszeit gekennzeichnet.Die ertragskundlichen Ergebnisse zeigen ein sehr hohes Leistungsvermögen der untersuchten Eichenbestände. Unbehandelte Bestände zeigen Maximalwerte der Bestandesdichte von 40 m2/ha für die Eiche. Das Zuwachsniveau liegt bei gleichbleibender bis steigender Tendenz deutlich über dem Niveau der Ertragstafel. Auffällig ist der kontinuierliche Anstieg der Jahrringbreite während der 65jährigen Beobachtungszeit.Ziel der Untersuchung ist die Quantifizierung der Dimensionsentwicklung von Krone und Stamm in Abhängigkeit von der Durchforstungsstärke. Vor allem die Eingriffe zu Versuchsbeginn kennzeichnen die Eingriffsstärke. Diese bedingen eine typische Vorratshaltung. Bei gleichem BHD werden auf den Parzellen mit starker Hochdurchforstung deutlich größere Kronen gebildet. Die vorherrschenden Bäume haben auf allen Parzellen trotz sehr unterschiedlicher Bestandesdichte relativ ähnliche Konkurrenzwerte, während sich für die mitherrschenden Bäume starke Unterschiede ergeben. Die Kronenentwicklung wird durch starke Eingriffe stärker gefördert als die Durchmesserentwicklung. Auch die schwach durchforsteten Bestände zeigen eine bemerkenswerte Durchmesserentwicklung. Die Jahrringbreiten liegen seit den 80er Jahren des letzten Jahrhunderts auch hier über 2 mm/Jahr. Im Vergleich dazu leisten die Bäume auf den stark durchforsteten Parzellen einen um 10 bis 20% höheren Durchmesserzuwachs. Die periodischen Schwankungen der Jahrringbreite sind auf den stark durchforsteten Parzellen stärker ausgeprägt. Besonders auffällig ist der Zuwachsanstieg auf allen Parzellen seit den 80er Jahren. Insgesamt kann ein allgemein steigender Zuwachs und eine darüber hinaus gehende Zuwachssteigerung am Einzelbaum durch die Durchforstung identifiziert und quantifiziert werden.Auf Basis der im Jahr 1999 erreichten Dimensionen wird die künftige Wertentwicklung der Bestände mit dem Wuchsmodell Silva 2.2 berechnet und eine Abschätzung der betriebswirtschaftlichen Auswirkungen unterschiedlicher Eingriffsstärken vorgenommen. Als Ergebnis zeigt sich, dass der Durchmesservorsprung von stark durchforsteten Beständen am Ende der Umtriebszeit 5 bis 10 cm beträgt. Die Umtriebszeit kann bei gleichem Zieldurchmesser auf Wertholzstandorten um 30 bis 50 Jahre verkürzt werden. Bei der Betrachtung der Wertleistung der Bestände wird deutlich, dass eine ausreichende Anzahl von Erntebäumen die Grundvoraussetzung für eine hohe Wertleistung sind.The trial plots ‘Waldleiningen 88’ were established by ProfessorFabricius in 1934, when the stand age was 48 years. The plots are located near the city of Kaiserslautern in the southern part of the Pfälzer Forest. The site is characterized by favorable climate, average nutrient supply, and sufficient precipitation during the vegetation period.The yield potential of the investigated oak stands prooved to be exceptionally high. Density measurements of unthinned stands showed maximum values of 40 m2 ha−1. The current growth rate is considerably higher than suggested by yield table estimates, which seems to be a stable or even an increasing phenomenon. It is striking that the annual ring growth increases continuously throughout the 65 years’ observationperiod.The aim of the investigation was to quantify the development of crown- and stem-dimensions in dependence on thinning intensity. The degree of thinning in the early stages of the stands was most important for the further development. Given the same diameter at breast height (dbh), crown sizes are considerably larger on plots with intensive thinnings compared to unthinned controls. The diameter growth on intensively thinned plots is increased for the remaining trees by 10 to 20 %. However, we found that intensive thinning enhanced crown size development to a greater degree than stem diameter growth, because of a remarkable annual ring growth of more than 2 mm per year, even on the control plots. Also, the variation in annual ring growth between the years was larger on the plots subjected to intensive thinnings. Overall, it is concluded that the growth of the oak stands is increased, especially since the 80ties of the past century, and that this increase can be enhanced on a single tree basis by intensive thinnings.Using the measured dimensions in the year 1999 as initial values, we calculated the development of the economic value of the oak stands with the forest growth simulator SILVA 2.2, and estimated the effect of different thinning intensities. It is estimated that the mean dbh of intensively thinned stands will exceed that of the controls by 5 to 10 cm at the end of the rotation period. Assuming that the time of harvesting depends on a certain tree diameter, this means that the length of the rotation could be decreased by 30 to 50 years. In order to maintain a high economic value, however, it is necessary to keep a sufficiently high number of trees per area. |
| Starting Page | 90 |
| Ending Page | 113 |
| Page Count | 24 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 00158003 |
| Journal | Forstwissenschaftliches Centralblatt vereinigt mit Tharandter forstliches Jahrbuch |
| Volume Number | 120 |
| Issue Number | 1-6 |
| e-ISSN | 14390337 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2001-01-01 |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Thinning experiment oak growth trend crown dimension and stand density economic value Forestry Plant Sciences Plant Ecology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Plant Science Forestry |
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