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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Stober, Ingrid |
| Copyright Year | 2011 |
| Abstract | Permeability is a critical geologic parameter because migrating fluids play a fundamental role in heat and mass transfer. Because of their assumed low hydraulic conductivities, crystalline basement rocks are being considered for nuclear waste repositories. A compilation of existing data and a description and interpretation of new hydraulic test data in the crystalline basement of the 4.5-km-deep Urach 3 borehole (southwest Germany) are presented, together with an interpretation of all test campaigns for Urach 3. The tests showed that within the crystalline basement, permeability is decreasing with depth. In the Urach borehole many high-pressure tests with well-head pressures of more than 600 bar were carried out. During hydraulic tests with well-head pressures above 176 bar, permeability of the crystalline basement increased dramatically, showing the elastic reaction of the rock as a result of pressure; during tests with well-head pressures below 176 bar, there was no significant elastic reaction of the rock. The pressure-dependent change of transmissivity was described in terms of a set of power laws relating injection rate to transmissivity and fracture width. Probably due to the lack of shear stress, no significant increase in permeability remained after any high-pressure tests.La perméabilité est un paramètre géologique critique car les fluides migrants jouent un rôle fondamental dans le transfert de chaleur et de masse. En raison de leur conductivité hydraulique supposée basse, on considère généralement les soubassements cristallins comme propices au stockage de déchets nucléaires. Une compilation de données existantes et une description et interprétation de nouvelles données de test hydraulique dans l’encaissant cristallin du forage Urach 3 (Allemagne du Sud-Ouest) profond de 4.5 km sont présentées, conjointement à une interprétation de toutes les campagnes test sur Urach 3. Les tests ont montré que dans le substrat cristallin, la perméabilité décroît avec la profondeur. Dans le forage Urach de nombreux tests haute-pression avec pressions en tête de puits supérieures à 600 bars ont été effectués. Durant les test avec pressions supérieures à 176 bar, la perméabilité du substrat cristallin a augmenté de façon spectaculaire, montrant la réaction élastique de la roche à la pression; durant des tests avec pressions inférieures à 176 bar, il n’y avait pas de réaction élastique notable de la roche. La variation de la transmissivité en fonction de la pression a été décrite par un ensemble de lois exponentielles reliant taux d’injection-transmissivité-largeur de fissuration. Probablement en raison de l’absence de tension de cisaillement, aucune augmentation notable de la perméabilité ne subsistait après tout test haute pression.Migrierende Fluide spielen eine fundamentale Rolle im Wärme- und Massentransport, die Durchlässigkeit ist daher ein entscheidender geologischer Parameter. Das kristalline Grundgebirge wird für die Endlagerung radioaktiver Abfälle in Betracht gezogen, da es als gering permeabel erachtet wird. In der vorliegenden Arbeit sind bereits existierende Daten aus dem kristallinen Grundgebirge der 4.5 km tiefen Bohrung Urach 3 (Südwest-Deutschland) zusammengestellt, sowie neue hydraulische Versuche beschrieben und sämtliche Testdaten ausgewertet. Die Versuche zeigen, dass die Durchlässigkeit im kristallinen Grundgebirge mit der Tiefe abnimmt. In der Bohrung Urach 3 wurden viele Hoch-Druck-Tests mit Bohrlochkopf-Drücken von über 600 bar durchgeführt. Bei hydraulischen Tests mit Bohrlochkopf-Drücken über 176 bar stieg die Durchlässigkeit des kristallinen Grundgebirges dramatisch an und verdeutlicht die elastische Reaktion des Gebirges auf den Druck. Bei Versuchen mit Bohrlochkopf-Drücken unter 176 bar reagierte das Gebirge nicht elastisch. Die Druck-abhängige Änderung der Transmissivität wurde mit einer Potentialfunktion beschrieben, die die Injektionsrate mit der Transmissivität bzw. mit der Kluftweite verbindet. Im Anschluss an die Hoch-Druck-Tests war keine bleibende signifikante Steigerung der Durchlässigkeit feststellbar, wahrscheinlich weil die dafür notwendige Scherspannung fehlt.La permeabilidad es un parámetro geológico crítico porque para los fluidos migrantes juega un papel fundamental en la transferencia de calor y de masa. Debido a sus supuestas bajas conductividades hidráulicas, las rocas del basamento cristalino son consideradas para repositorios de residuos nucleares. Se presenta una compilación de datos existentes y una descripción e interpretación de nuevos ensayos hidráulicos en el basamento cristalino de 4.5 km de profundidad de la perforación Urach 3 (sudoeste de Alemania), conjuntamente con una interpretación de todos los ensayos de campañas para el Urach 3. Los ensayos revelaron que dentro del basamento cristalino, la permeabilidad decrece con la profundidad. En la perforación Urach se llevaron a cabo muchos ensayos de alta presión con presiones de carga de pozo de más que 600 bar, Durante los ensayos hidráulicos con presiones de carga de pozo por encima de 176 bar, la permeabilidad del basamento cristalino se incrementó dramáticamente, mostrando una reacción elástica de la roca como un resultado de la presión; durante los ensayos con presiones de carga en el pozo por debajo de 176 bar, no fue significativa la reacción elástica de la roca. El cambio en la transmisividad dependiente de la presión fue descripto en términos de un conjunto de leyes de potencia que relacionan el ritmo de inyección a la transmisividad y el ancho de la fractura. Probablemente debido de la falta de esfuerzo de corte, no queda ningún incremento significativo remanente en la permeabilidad después de los ensayos de alta presión.运移的流体在热量和物质转换中起着基础作用, 所以渗透率是非常重要的地质参数。基于水力传导系数较低的假设, 一般考虑在结晶基岩中处置核废物。本文汇编了已有的数据、并描述和解译了德国西南部深度为4.5km的 Urach3号钻孔中结晶基岩的新的水力参数测试结果, 并解译了Urach3孔所有的其它试验项目结果。结果表明结晶基岩的渗透率随深度增加而减少。在Urach3孔中开展了大量的井口压力超过600bar的高压测试。在井口压力超过176bar的压水试验中, 结晶基岩的渗透率显著增加, 表明了压力作用下的岩石的弹性反应。在井口压力低于176bar的测试中, 没有发现明显的弹性反应。导水系数随压力变化可以用一组幂函数描述, 其刻画了导水系数、裂隙宽度和注水流量的关系。可能由于缺少剪应力, 没有哪一次高压测试后增加的渗透率得以保持。A permeabilidade é um parâmetro geológico crítico, uma vez que a migração de fluidos tem um papel fundamental na transferência de massa e de calor. Devido às suas assumidamente baixas condutividades hidráulicas, os socos cristalinos têm sido consideradas favoráveis para a deposição de resíduos nucleares. É apresentada uma compilação de dados existentes e a descrição e interpretação de novos dados de testes hidráulicos no soco cristalino nos 4.5 km de profundidade da sondagem Urach 3 (sudoeste da Alemanha), em conjunto com uma interpretação de todas as campanhas de testes realizadas no Urach 3. Os testes mostram que, dentro do soco cristalino, a permeabilidade decresce com a profundidade. Na sondagem de Urach foram efectuados muitos testes de alta pressão, com pressões hidráulicas a atingirem mais de 600 bares. Durante os testes hidráulicos com pressões acima dos 176 bares a permeabilidade do soco cristalino aumenta dramaticamente, mostrando a reacção elástica da rocha como resultado da pressão; durante os testes com pressões hidráulicas abaixo dos 176 bares não houve reacções elásticas significativas na rocha. A alteração da transmissividade dependente da pressão foi descrita em termos de um conjunto de leis relacionando as taxas de injecção e a espessura das fracturas. Devido provavelmente à ausência de tensão de cizalhamento, não resta nenhum aumento significativo da permeabilidade depois da execução de qualquer teste de alta pressão. |
| Starting Page | 685 |
| Ending Page | 699 |
| Page Count | 15 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 19 |
| Issue Number | 3 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer-Verlag |
| Publisher Date | 2011-02-26 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Germany Hydraulic properties Crystalline rocks Geothermal energy Hot dry rock technology Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution Hydrogeology |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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