NDLI: Simulation of the hydrogeologic effects of oil-shale mining on the neighbouring wetland water balance: case study in north-eastern Estonia

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Marandi, Andres Karro, Enn Polikarpus, Maile Jõeleht, Argo Kohv, Marko Hang, Tiit Hiiemaa, Helen
Copyright Year	2013
Abstract	The water balance of wetlands plays an integral role in their function. Developments adjacent to wetlands can affect their water balance through impacts on groundwater flow and increased discharge in the area, and they can cause lowering of the wetland water table. A 430 km$^{2}$ area was selected for groundwater modelling to asses the effect of underground mining on the water balance of wetlands in north-eastern Estonia. A nature conservation area (encompassing Selisoo bog) is within 3 km of an underground oil-shale mine. Two future mining scenarios with different areal extents of mining were modeled and compared to the present situation. Results show that the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the subsurface is of critical importance to potential wetland dewatering as a result of mining. Significant impact on the Selisoo bog water balance will be caused by the approaching mine but there will be only minor additional impacts from mining directly below the bog. The major impact will arise before that stage, when the underground mine extension reaches the border of the nature conservation area; since the restriction of activities in this area relates to the ground surface, the conservation area’s border is not sufficiently protective in relation to underground development.Le bilan hydrique joue un rôle fondamental dans le fonctionnement des milieux humides. Des activités contigües peuvent impacter l’écoulement de la nappe, causer une décharge accrue et un abaissement de son niveau. Une zone de 430 km$^{2}$ a été sélectionnée pour modélisation de nappe et évaluation de l’effet de l’exploitation souterraine sur le bilan hydrique d’une zone humide du Nord-Est de l’Estonie. Un périmètre naturel protégé (incluant la tourbière de Selisoo) se trouve à 3 km d’une exploitation d’huile de roche mère. Deux scénarios correspondant à différentes emprises de la future exploitation ont été simulés et comparés à l’état actuel. Les résultats montrent que la conductivité hydraulique verticale de sub-surface est critique vis à vis de l’assèchement potentiel de la zone humide conséquente à l’exploitation. Un impact significatif sur le bilan hydrique de la tourbière de Selisoo sera causé par l’approche de l’exploitation mais l’impact additionnel de l’exploitation sous la tourbière elle même sera mineur. L’impact majeur surgira avant ce stade, quand la mine souterraine atteindra la limite de la zone de protection naturelle ; comme la restriction des activités dans cette zone concerne la surface du sol, la conservation de sa bordure n’est pas une protection suffisante vis à vis du développement souterrain des travaux.El balance de agua de los humedales juega un rol integral en su función. Los desarrollos adyacentes a humedales pueden afectar su balance de agua a través de impactos sobre el flujo de agua subterránea y el incremento de la descarga en el área, y ello puede causar el descenso del nivel freático del humedal. Un área de 430 km$^{2}$ fue seleccionada para modelar del agua subterránea y evaluar el efecto de la explotación subterránea sobre el balance de agua de un humedal en el noreste de Estonia. Un área de conservación natural (que abarca el pantano de Selisoo) está dentro de un radio de 3 km de una mina subterránea de esquistos bituminosos. Se modelaron dos escenarios futuros de explotación con diferentes extensiones areales y se compararon con la situación actual. Los resultados muestran que la conductividad hidráulica vertical del subsuelo es de importancia crítica para el drenaje potencial del humedal como resultado de la explotación. Un impacto significativo sobre el balance de agua del pantano de Selisoo será causado por la aproximación a la mina, pero serán solo un impacto menor adicional proveniente de la explotación directamente debajo del pantano. El mayor impacto surgirá antes de esa etapa, cuando la extensión de la mina en el subsuelo alcance el límite del área de conservación natural; puesto que la restricción de actividades en este área se relaciona a la superficie del terreno, el límite del área de conservación no es lo suficientemente protectora en relación al desarrollo subterráneo.湿地水平衡在其功能上页页着整体作用。比页湿地的页页通页页地下水流的影响和增加的页页可影响水平衡,可降低湿地水位。页页一个 430平方公里的区域页行地下水模页,页价地下页采页页沙尼页页北部湿地水平衡的影响。自然保页区就页于地下油页岩页3公里之内。页不同区域范页的两个未来页采方案页行了模页并与页在的情况页行了页比。页果页示地下的垂直水力页水系数页页采中潜在的湿地排水至页重要。接近页山就会页Selisoo沼页水平衡页生重要影响,但直接在沼页之下的页采只有很小的页外影响。主要影响出页在页个页期前,即地下页山延伸到自然保页区的页界。因页本地区的活页限制与地表有页,因此,保页区的页界不能足页防页地下的页页。O balanço hídrico das zonas húmidas desempenha um papel fundamental na sua função. Desenvolvimentos adjacentes às zonas húmidas podem afetar o seu balanço hídrico através de impactes sobre o fluxo de água subterrânea e o aumento da descarga na área, podendo causar o rebaixamento do nível da água subterrânea na zona húmida. Foi selecionada uma área de 430 km$^{2}$ para modelação das águas subterrâneas, a fim de avaliar o efeito da exploração mineira subterrânea no balanço hídrico da zona húmida, no nordeste da Estónia. A área de conservação da natureza (englobando o pântano Selisoo) fica a 3 km de uma mina subterrânea de xisto betuminoso. Dois cenários futuros de exploração mineira, com diferentes extensões de área de exploração, foram modelados e comparados com a situação atual. Os resultados mostram que a condutividade hidráulica vertical do subsolo é de importância crítica para a potencial secagem das zonas húmidas, como resultado da mineração. A aproximação dos trabalhos mineiros causará um impacte significativo sobre o balanço hídrico no pântano Selisoo, mas apenas existirão impactes adicionais menores da mineração diretamente por baixo do pântano. O maior impacte vai surgir antes dessa fase, quando a extensão subterrânea da mina atingir a fronteira da área de conservação da natureza; uma vez que a restrição de atividades nesta área se relaciona com a superfície do solo, a conservação da fronteira da área não é suficientemente protetora em relação ao desenvolvimento dos trabalhos subterrâneos.
Starting Page	1581
Ending Page	1591
Page Count	11
File Format	PDF
ISSN	14312174
Journal	Hydrogeology Journal
Volume Number	21
Issue Number	7
e-ISSN	14350157
Language	Portuguese
Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Publisher Date	2013-09-08
Publisher Institution	International Association of Hydrogeologists
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Wetlands Mining Groundwater modeling Groundwater management Estonia Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology

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