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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Rahman, M. M. Bakker, M. Freitas, S. C. Borges van Halem, D. van Breukelen, B. M. Ahmed, K. M. Badruzzaman, A. B. M. |
| Copyright Year | 2014 |
| Abstract | The principle of subsurface arsenic (As) removal (SAR) is to extract anoxic groundwater, aerate it and re-inject it. Oxygen in the injected water reacts with iron in the resident groundwater to form hydrous ferric oxide (HFO). Dissolved As sorbs onto the HFO, which allows for the extraction of groundwater with lower As concentrations. SAR was applied at a rural location in Bangladesh (As in groundwater = 200 μg/L) to study the effect of different operational parameters on SAR performance, including repeated injection and extraction of an equal volume, lower pumping rate, and intermittent pumping. Larger injection volume, lower pumping rate, and intermittent pumping all had positive effects on As removal indicating that As adsorption is kinetically limited. Repeated injection–extraction of an equal volume improved As removal efficiency by providing more HFO for sorption. After injection of 1,000 L, a maximum of 3,000 L of ‘safe’ water, as defined by the Bangladesh national standard for As (<50 μg/L), was extracted, of which 2,000 L can be used as drinking water and the remainder is used for re-injection. Under this setup, the estimated cost for 1,000 L of As-safe drinking water is US$2.00, which means that SAR is a viable mitigation option for rural areas.Le principe de l’élimination de l’arsenic (As) d’origine souterraine (EAS) est d’extraire l’eau souterraine anoxique, de l’aérer puis de la réinjecter. L’oxygène de l’eau injectée réagit avec le fer présent dans l’eau souterraine pour former de l’oxyde ferrique hydraté (OFH). L’arsenic dissous est adsorbé sur l’OFH, permettant ainsi l’extraction d’eaux souterraines avec des plus faibles concentrations en Arsenic. EAS a été appliquée dans une zone rurale au Bangladesh (As dans les eaux souterraines = 200 μg/L) afin d’étudier l’effet de différents paramètres opérationnels sur la performance de l’EAS, y compris l’injection répétée et l’extraction d’un volume égal, des débits de pompage plus faibles, et pompages intermittents. De plus grands volumes d’eau injectés, des plus faibles débits de pompage, et des pompages intermittents ont tous des effets positifs sur l’élimination de l’As, indiquant que l’adsorption de l’As est limitée du point de vue cinétique. Des injections–extractions répétées d’un volume égal ont amélioré l’efficacité de l’élimination de l’As, en fournissant plus d’OFH pour la sorption. Après une injection de 1,000 L, un maximum de 3,000 L d’eau dite « sûre », tel que défini selon la norme national utilisée au Bangladesh pour l’As (<50 μg/L) a été extraite, dont 2,000 L peuvent être utilisés comme eau potable, le reste étant utilisé pour la réinjection. Selon cette configuration, le coût estimé pour 1,000 L d’eau « sûre » du point de vue de la concentration en As, à destination de la consommation en eau potable est de 2 US$, ce qui signifie que l’EAS est une option d’atténuation viable pour les zones rurales.El principio de remoción (SAR) del arsénico del subsuelo es extraer agua subterránea anóxica, airearla y reinyectarla. El oxígeno en el agua inyectada reacciona con el hierro en el agua subterránea residente para formar óxido férrico hidratado (HFO). El As disuelto adsorbe el HFO, lo cual permite la extracción de agua subterránea con menores concentraciones de As. El SAR se aplicó en un sitio rural de Bangladesh (As en agua subterránea = 200 μg/L) para estudiar el efecto de diferentes parámetros operacionales acerca del rendimiento del SAR, incluyendo la inyección y extracción repetida de un volumen igual, más bajo caudal de bombeo y bombeo intermitente. Tanto los mayores volúmenes de inyección como el menor caudal de bombeo y el bombeo intermitente tuvieron efectos positivos sobre la remoción de As, lo que indica que la adsorción de As está cinéticamente limitada. La inyección–extracción repetida de un volumen igual mejoró la eficiencia de la remoción del As proveyendo más HFO para la sorción. Después de la inyección de 1,000 litros, se extrajo un máximo de 3,000 L de agua “segura”, tal como es definido por el estándar nacional de Bangladesh para arsénico (<50 μg/L), de los cuales 2,000 L pueden ser usados como agua potable y el resto es usado para la reinyección. Bajo esta situación, el costo estimado para 1,000 L agua para bebida segura es US$2.00, lo cual significa que el SAR es una opción viable de mitigación para áreas rurales.地表下除砷的原则是提取缺氧地下水,暴露于空气,然后再注入地下。注入水中的氧与地下水反应形成含水氧化铁。溶解的砷吸附到含水氧化铁上,这样,抽取的地下水中的砷含量就会较低。地表下除砷应用于孟加拉的农村地区(地下水中的砷 = 200 μg/L)以研究不同操作参数对地表下除砷效果的影响,这些参数包括相等水量的重复注入和抽取、较低的抽水速率和间歇性抽水。较大的注入量、较低的抽水速率及间歇性抽水都对除砷有积极的影响,表明运动中的砷吸附有限。通过提供更多的含水氧化铁以供吸附,相等量的重复注入-抽取可提高除砷效率。注入1,000升水后,按照规定的孟加拉国家砷标准(<50 μg/L),可抽取3,000升的“安全”水,其中2,000升可用作饮用水,其余用于再注入。在这种模式下,估计1,000升的砷安全饮用水成本2美元,这意味着地表下除砷是农村地区可行的选项。O princípio da remoção do arsénio (As) em águas subterrâneas pouco profundas (subsurface arsenic removal, SAR) é extrair água subterrânea anóxica, arejá-la e reinjetá-la de novo no meio. O oxigénio na água injetada reage com o ferro das águas subterrâneas residentes para formar óxido de ferro hidratado (HFO). O As dissolvido é, então, adsorvido pelo HFO, o que permite a extração de águas subterrâneas com menores concentrações de As. O princípio de remoção SAR foi aplicado numa zona rural do Bangladesh (onde a concentração de As em águas subterrâneas = 200 μg/L) para estudar o efeito de diferentes parâmetros operacionais sobre o desempenho da técnica SAR, incluindo a injeção repetida e extração de um volume equivalente, a extração com baixa taxa de bombeamento, e o bombeamento intermitente. Tanto os maiores volumes de injeção, como as menores taxas de bombeamento e o bombeamento intermitente tiveram efeitos positivos sobre a remoção de As, indicando que a sua adsorção é cineticamente limitada. Processos repetidos de injeção e extração de um volume igual melhoraram eficiência de remoção do As ao proporcionar mais HFO para adsorção. Conclui-se que após a injeção de 1,000 L é possível extrair um valor máximo de 3,000 L de água “segura”, tal como definido pela norma nacional do Bangladesh para o As (<50 μg/L), dos quais 2,000 L podem ser utilizados como água potável e o restante é usado para re-injeção. Nesse contexto, o custo estimado para 1,000 L de água potável no que diz respeito à concentração em As é de 2,00$ EUA, o que significa que a técnica de SAR é uma opção viável para a melhoria da qualidade da água em áreas rurais. |
| Starting Page | 19 |
| Ending Page | 34 |
| Page Count | 16 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 23 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2014-08-27 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Arsenic Bangladesh Groundwater monitoring Subsurface arsenic removal Adsorption Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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