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| Content Provider | Springer Nature Link |
|---|---|
| Author | Fenta, Ayele Almaw Kifle, Addis Gebreyohannes, Tesfamichael Hailu, Gebrerufael |
| Copyright Year | 2014 |
| Abstract | Sustainable development and management of groundwater resources require application of scientific principles and modern techniques. An integrated approach is implemented using remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS)-based multi-criteria evaluation to identify promising areas for groundwater exploration in Raya Valley, northern Ethiopia. The thematic layers considered are lithology, lineament density, geomorphology, slope, drainage density, rainfall and land use/cover. The corresponding normalized rates for the classes in a layer and weights for thematic layers are computed using Saaty’s analytical hierarchy process. Based on the computed rates and weights, aggregating the thematic maps is done using a weighted linear combination method to obtain a groundwater potential (GP) map. The GP map is verified by overlay analysis with observed borehole yield data. Map-removal and single-parameter sensitivity analyses are used to examine the effects of removing any of the thematic layers on the GP map and to compute effective weights, respectively. About 770 km$^{2}$ (28 % of the study area) is designated as ‘very good’ GP. ‘Good’, ‘moderate’ and ‘poor’ GP areas cover 630 km$^{2}$ (23 %), 600 km$^{2}$ (22 %) and 690 km$^{2}$ (25 %), respectively; the area with ‘very poor’ GP covers 55 km$^{2}$ (2 %). Verification of the GP map against observed borehole yield data shows 74 % agreement, which is fairly satisfactory. The sensitivity analyses reveal the GP map is most sensitive to lithology with a mean variation index of 6.5 %, and lithology is the most effective thematic layer in GP mapping with mean effective weight of 52 %.Le développement durable et la gestion des eaux souterraines nécessitent l’application de principes scientifiques et de techniques modernes. Une approche intégrée est développée à partir d’images satellites et d’une évaluation multicritère basée sur un système d’informations géographiques (SIG) dans le but d’identifier des zones d’intérêt pour l’exploration des eaux souterraines dans la vallée Raya, au Nord de l’Ethiopie. Les couches thématiques considérées sont la lithologie, la densité de linéaments, la géomorphologie, la pente, la densité de drainage, la pluie et la couverture/utilisation du sol. Les taux normalisés des classes dans les couches correspondantes et les poids des couches thématiques sont calculés selon le procédé d’analyse hiérarchique de Saaty. A partir des taux et poids calculés, l’agrégation des cartes thématiques utilise une méthode de combinaison linéaire pondérée pour obtenir une carte de potentialité en eau souterraine (PES). La carte de PES est vérifiée par l’analyse de la superposition des débits de forages observés. Des retraits de carte et des analyses de sensibilités mono-paramètres sont utilisés respectivement pour examiner les effets de chaque couche thématique sur la carte de PES et pour calculer des poids effectifs. Environ 770 km$^{2}$ (28 % de la zone d’étude) sont considérés comme de « très bonne » PES. Les PES « bonne », « modérée », et « faible » couvrent respectivement 630 km$^{2}$ (23 %), 600 km$^{2}$ (22 %) et 690 km$^{2}$ (25 %); la surface des « très faibles » PES couvre 55 km$^{2}$ (2 %). La vérification de la carte des PES avec les débits observés des forages montre une adéquation de 74 %, ce qui est assez satisfaisant. L’analyse de sensibilité révèle que la carte des PES est la plus sensible à la lithologie avec un index de variation de 6.5 %, et la lithologie est la carte thématique la plus déterminante sur la cartographie des PES avec un poids effectif moyen de 52 %.El manejo y desarrollo sustentable de los recursos de agua subterránea requieren la aplicación de principios científicos y técnicas modernas. Se implementa un enfoque integrado usando sensores remotos y múltiples criterios de evaluación basados en un sistema de información geográfico (GIS) para identificar áreas promisorias para la exploración de agua subterránea en el Raya Valley, norte de Etiopía. Las capas temáticas consideradas son litología, densidad de lineamientos, geomorfología, pendientes, densidad de drenaje, precipitación y uso / cubierta del suelo. Las tasas normalizadas correspondientes para las clases en una capa y los pesos para las capas temáticas se calcularon usando el proceso jerárquico analítico de Saaty. Basado en las tasas y pesos calculados, la agregación de los mapas temáticos se llevó a cabo usando el método de combinación linear ponderado para obtener un mapa del potencial de agua subterránea (GP). El mapa de GP se verifica por un análisis de superposición con datos provenientes de los rendimientos de las perforaciones. Se utilizó un análisis de eliminación de mapa y de sensibilidad de un solo parámetro para examinar los efectos de la remoción de cualquiera de las capas temáticas en el mapa de GP y para calcular los respectivos pesos efectivos. Alrededor de 770 km$^{2}$ (28 % del área de estudio) se catalogó como un GP ‘muy bueno’. Las áreas con GP ‘bueno’, ‘moderado’ y ‘pobre’ cubren 630 km$^{2}$ (23 %), 600 km$^{2}$ (22 %) y 690 km$^{2}$ (25 %), respectivamente; el área con GP ‘muy pobre’ cubre 55 km $^{2}$ (2 %).. La confrontación del mapa de GP con los datos de rendimientos observados de perforaciones muestran que un 74 % es bastante satisfactorio. Los análisis de sensibilidad revelaron que el mapa GP es más sensible a la litología con un índice de variación media de 6.5 %, y la litología es la capa temática más efectiva en el mapa GP con una peso efectivo media de 52 %.地下水资源的可持续开发和管理需要应用科学的法则和现代技术。本研究采用了一个综合的研究方法,就是利用基于遥感和GIS的多标准评估方法确定埃塞俄比亚北部Raya山谷有希望的地下水勘察区。主要要考虑的项目有岩性、线性构造密度、地貌、坡度、排水系统密度、降雨及土地利用/土地覆盖层。利用Saaty层次分析法计算了主要项目的每项和权重中相应的标准化级别比率。根据计算的比率和权重,利用加权线性组合方法编制了主题图件,获取了地下水潜力图。地下水潜力图通过叠加分析和观测孔出水量资料验证。采用图件移除和单个参数敏感性分析法分别检查地下水潜力图中移除任何一个要素的效果及计算有效的权重。大约770 km$^{2}$ (研究区的大约28 %)并标定为“有非常好的”地下水潜力。“好”、“中”和“差”的地下水潜力区为分别为630 km$^{2}$ (23 %)、600 km$^{2}$ (22 %)和 690 km$^{2}$ (25 %)。“非常差的”地下水潜力区为55 km$^{2}$ (2 %)。地下水潜力图与观测孔出水量资料有74%的一致性,这相当令人满意。灵敏度分析显示,地下水潜力图对平均变化指数达6.5 %的岩性最敏感,岩性是地下水潜力填图中最有效的要素,平均有效权重为52 %。O desenvolvimento sustentável e a gestão dos recursos de água subterrânea requerem a aplicação de princípios científicos e de técnicas modernas. É implementada uma abordagem integrada com uso de deteção remota e de um sistema multicritério de avaliação com base em informação geográfica (SIG) para identificar áreas promissoras para exploração de água subterrânea no Vale de Raya, no norte da Etiópia. As camadas temáticas consideradas são a litologia, a densidade dos lineamentos, a geomorfologia, o declive, a densidade de drenagem, a precipitação e a cobertura/uso do solo. As correspondentes taxas normalizadas para as classes numa camada e os pesos para as camadas temáticas são calculados utilizando o processo de hierarquia analítica de Saaty. Com base nas taxas e nos pesos calculados, a agregação dos mapas temáticos é feita através do uso de um método de combinação linear ponderada, para obter um mapa de potencial de água subterrânea (GP). O mapa GP é verificado através da análise de sobreposição com dados de produtividade observados em poços. São usadas análises de mapas de remoção e sensibilidade de parâmetro único para examinar os efeitos da remoção de qualquer das camadas temáticas no mapa GP e para calcular os pesos eficazes, respetivamente. Cerca de 770 km$^{2}$ (28 % da área de estudo) é designada como GP ‘muito boa’. As áreas ‘boas’, ‘moderadas’ e ‘pobres’ cobrem respetivamente 630 km$^{2}$ (23 %), 600 km$^{2}$ (22 %) e 690 km$^{2}$ (25 %); a área ‘muito pobre’ cobre 55 km$^{2}$ (2 %). A verificação do mapa GP em relação aos dados de produtividade observados nos poços mostram 74 % de concordância, o que é satisfatório. A análise de sensibilidade revela que o mapa GP é mais sensível à litologia, com um índice de variação médio de 6.5 %, e a litologia é a camada temática mais efetiva no mapeamento GP, com um peso médio efetivo de 52 %. |
| Starting Page | 195 |
| Ending Page | 206 |
| Page Count | 12 |
| File Format | |
| ISSN | 14312174 |
| Journal | Hydrogeology Journal |
| Volume Number | 23 |
| Issue Number | 1 |
| e-ISSN | 14350157 |
| Language | Portuguese |
| Publisher | Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
| Publisher Date | 2014-10-24 |
| Publisher Institution | International Association of Hydrogeologists |
| Publisher Place | Berlin, Heidelberg |
| Access Restriction | One Nation One Subscription (ONOS) |
| Subject Keyword | Remote sensing Geographic information systems Multi-criteria evaluation Groundwater potential Ethiopia Hydrogeology Hydrology/Water Resources Geology Waste Water Technology Water Pollution Control Water Management Aquatic Pollution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Earth and Planetary Sciences Water Science and Technology |
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