NDLI: Ancient divergence of a complex family of immune-type receptor genes

Content Provider	Springer Nature Link
Author	Cann, John P. Haire, Robert N. Mueller, M. Gail Litman, Ronda T. Eason, Donna D. Tinnemore, Deborah Amemiya, Chris T. Ota, Tatsuya Litman, Gary W.
Copyright Year	2006
Abstract	Multigene families of activating/inhibitory receptors belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) regulate immunological and other cell–cell interactions. A new family of such genes, termed modular domain immune-type receptors (MDIRs), has been identified in the clearnose skate (Raja eglanteria), a phylogenetically ancient vertebrate. At least five different major forms of predicted MDIR proteins are comprised of four different subfamilies of IgSF ectodomains of the intermediate (I)- or C2-set. The predicted number of individual IgSF ectodomains in MDIRs varies from one to six. MDIR1 contains a positively charged transmembrane residue and MDIR2 and MDIR3 each possesses at least one immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif in their cytoplasmic regions. MDIR4 and MDIR5 lack characteristic activating/inhibitory signalling motifs. MDIRs are encoded in a particularly large and complex multigene family. MDIR domains exhibit distant sequence similarity to mammalian CMRF-35-like molecules, polymeric immunoglobulin receptors, triggering receptors expressed on myeloid cells (TREMs), TREM-like transcripts, NKp44 and FcR homologs, as well as to sequences identified in several different vertebrate genomes. Phylogenetic analyses suggest that MDIRs are representative members of an extended family of IgSF genes that diverged before or very early in evolution of the vertebrates and subsequently came to occupy multiple, fully independent distributions in the present day.
Starting Page	362
Ending Page	373
Page Count	12
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00937711
Journal	Immunogenetics
Volume Number	58
Issue Number	5-6
e-ISSN	14321211
Language	English
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publisher Date	2006-04-26
Publisher Place	Berlin, Heidelberg
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Ig superfamily Evolution Activating/inhibitory signalling Allergology Cell Biology Gene Function Human Genetics Immunology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Immunology

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