NDLI: Beauveria bassiana (Clavicipitaceae): a potent fungal agent for controlling mosquito vectors of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Dubey, Nawal Kishore Natarajan, Devarajan Ragavendran, Chinnasamy
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	Mosquitoes are the carriers of severe and well-known illnesses such as malaria, arboviral encephalitis, dengue, chikungunya and yellow fever, which cause significant morbidity and mortality in humans and domestic animals around the world. Entomopathogenic fungal metabolites act as a mosquito control agent and are potential alternatives to chemical control because they can be innovative and more selective than chemical insecticides. The main aim of the present study was to perform experiments on the larvicidal and pupicidal effects of the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana (isolated from infected grasshopper) against the first to fourth instar larvae of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti. The larval and pupal mortality were observed after 24 h of exposure. The efficacy of an ethyl acetate mycelium extract at all the tested concentrations (50, 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300 μg mL−1) exhibited better activity against the 1st to 4th instar larvae of An. stephensi (LC50 = 42.82, 39.45, 25.72, and 32.66; LC90 = 254.67, 367.11, 182.27, and 199.20 μg mL−1), Cx. quinquefasciatus (LC50 = 72.38, 68.11, 27.06, and 35.495; LC90 = 481.68, 254.69, 129.83, and 146.24 μg mL−1) and Ae. aegypti (LC50 = 62.50, 52.89, 58.60, and 47.12; LC90 = 314.82, 236.18, 247.53, and 278.52 μg mL−1), respectively. The pupicidal activity of the fungal mycelium extracts was tested against An. stephensi, Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. Aegypti, where the ethyl acetate extracts had different LC50 values (LC50 = 40.66, 54.06, 44.26, and LC90 = 184.02, 225.61, and 263.02 μg mL−1). Based on Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analyses, the ethyl acetate mycelium extract contained six major chemical compounds identified as 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (ZZ)– (63.16%), n-hexadecanoic acid (21.28%), octadecanoic acid, phenyl methyl ester (10.45%), dehydroegosterol 3,5-dinitrobenzoate (1.86%), squalene (1.66%) and bis[3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)prophyl]maleate (1.56%). The n-hexadecanoic acid standard was found to be better larvicidal against An. stephensi, Cx. quinquefasciatus, followed by Ae. aegypti. The HPLC analysis of the ethyl acetate mycelium extract was compared with that of the n-hexadecanoic acid standard and it was found to show a similar chromatographic peak (at a retention time of 3.383 and 3.378 min). The outcome of the present study identifies the bioactive compounds obtained from B. bassiana that can be used as effective and alternate larvicidal and pupicidal agents against the An. stephensi Cx. quinquefasciatus and Ae. aegypti mosquito vectors.
Starting Page	3838
Ending Page	3851
Page Count	14
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20462069
Volume Number	7
Issue Number	7
Journal	RSC Advances
DOI	10.1039/c6ra25859j
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Infrared spectroscopy Instar Disease Bassiana Beauveria Entomopathogenic fungus Ester Fourier Mosquito Yellow fever Encephalitis Gas chromatography\u2013mass spectrometry Malaria Dengue fever Squalene Ethyl acetate Culex Phenyl group High-performance liquid chromatography chikungunya Chromatography Anopheles Chikungunya Aedes aegypti Median lethal dose Mycelium
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Chemistry Chemical Engineering

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Beauveria bassiana (Clavicipitaceae): a potent fungal agent for controlling mosquito vectors of Anopheles stephensi , Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

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Beauveria bassiana (Clavicipitaceae): a potent fungal agent for controlling mosquito vectors of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

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Beauveria bassiana (Clavicipitaceae): a potent fungal agent for controlling mosquito vectors of Anopheles stephensi, Culex quinquefasciatus and Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)