NDLI: Characterization of multifunctional β-NaEuF<sub>4</sub>/NaGdF<sub>4</sub> core–shell nanoparticles with narrow size distribution

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Voß, Benjamin Klare, Johann P. Haase, Markus Steinhoff, Heinz-Jürgen Rinkel, Thorben Chrobak, Artur Wollschläger, Joachim Olivier, Jaco Píš, Igor Schneider, Lilli Neethling, Jan Bendeif, El-Eulmi Magnano, Elena Balinski, Kamil Kuepper, Karsten Schaniel, Dominik Bondino, Federica
Copyright Year	2016
Abstract	The properties of β-NaEuF4/NaGdF4 core–shell nanocrystals have been thoroughly investigated. Nanoparticles with narrow size distribution and an overall diameter of ∼22 nm have been produced with either small β-NaEuF4 cores (∼3 nm diameter) or large β-NaEuF4 cores (∼18 nm diameter). The structural properties and core–shell formation are investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and electron paramagnetic resonance, respectively. Optical luminescence measurements and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are employed to gain information about the optical emission bands and valence states of the rare earth constituents. Magnetic characterization is performed by SQUID and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism measurements at the rare earth M4,5 edges. The characterization of the core–shell nanoparticles by means of these complementary techniques demonstrates that partial intermixing of core and shell materials takes place, and a significant fraction of europium is present in the divalent state which has significant influence on the magnetic properties. Hence, we obtained a combination of red emitting Eu3+ ions and paramagnetic Gd3+ ions, which may be highly valuable for potential future applications.
Starting Page	2832
Ending Page	2843
Page Count	12
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20403364
Volume Number	8
Issue Number	5
Journal	Nanoscale
DOI	10.1039/c5nr06915g
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	X-ray magnetic circular dichroism Transmission electron microscopy SQUID Luminescence Paramagnetism X-ray scattering techniques Electron paramagnetic resonance Photoemission spectroscopy Europium X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nanoscience and Nanotechnology

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