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| Content Provider | Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) |
|---|---|
| Author | Wu, Chih-Chung Hsieh, Shuchen Lin, Yu-Chun Hsieh, Shu-Ling Chu, Tian-Huei Yeh, Bi-Wen Kung, Mei-Lang |
| Copyright Year | 2015 |
| Abstract | Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO NPs) are known to exhibit toxic effects on a variety of cell types and organs. To determine the oxidative impact of CuO NPs on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells, well-differentiated (HepG2) and poorly differentiated (SK-Hep-1) cells were exposed to CuO NPs. Cell viability assay showed that the median inhibition concentration (IC50) for SK-Hep-1 and HepG2 cells was 25 μg ml−1 and 85 μg ml−1, respectively. Cellular fluorescence intensity using DCFH-DA staining analysis revealed significant intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation of up to 242% in SK-Hep-1 cells, compared with 86% in HepG2 cells. HPLC analysis demonstrated that a CuO NP treatment caused cellular GSH depletion of 58% and a GSH/GSSG ratio decrease to ∼0.1 in SK-Hep-1 cells. The oxidative stress caused by enhanced superoxide anion production was observed in both HepG2 (146%) and SK-Hep-1 (192%) cells. The Griess assay verified that CuO NPs induced NO production (170%) in SK-Hep-1 cells. Comet assay and western blot further demonstrated that CuO NPs induced severe DNA strand breakage (70%) in SK-Hep-1 cells and caused DNA damage via increased γ-H2AX levels. These results suggest that well-differentiated HepG2 cells possess a robust antioxidant defense system against CuO NP-induced ROS stress and exhibit more tolerance to oxidative stress. Conversely, poorly differentiated SK-Hep-1 cells exhibited a deregulated antioxidant defense system that allowed accumulation of CuO NP-induced ROS and resulted in severe cytotoxicity. |
| Starting Page | 1820 |
| Ending Page | 1829 |
| Page Count | 10 |
| File Format | HTM / HTML PDF |
| ISSN | 20403364 |
| Volume Number | 7 |
| Issue Number | 5 |
| Journal | Nanoscale |
| DOI | 10.1039/c4nr05843g |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Royal Society of Chemistry |
| Access Restriction | Open |
| Subject Keyword | Copper(II) oxide Western blot Viability assay Oxidative stress NP Reactive oxygen species Glutathione disulfide Carcinoma Fluorescence Ion Cytotoxicity Superoxide High-performance liquid chromatography Antioxidant Comet assay DNA IC50 Griess Copper oxide |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
| Subject | Nanoscience and Nanotechnology |
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