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Highly efficient and selective biocatalytic production of glucosamine from chitin

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Green Chemistry Vol - 19 Issue - 1

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Highly efficient and selective biocatalytic production of glucosamine from chitin

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Flitsch, S. L. Cai, Z. P. Liu, L. Lu, A. M. Voglmeir, J. Lv, Y. M. Laborda, P. Huang, K. Wang, M. Doherty, C.
Copyright Year	2017
Abstract	N-Acetyl glucosamine (GlcNAc) is one of the most abundant biomolecules on Earth and is cheaply available from chitin, a major component of crustaceans. The key step in the conversion of GlcNAc to high-value products is the de-N-acetylation to glucosamine, in itself a valuable dietary supplement that is produced at over 29 000 tons scale per annum by chemical hydrolysis, a process that requires harsh reaction conditions and leads to side products requiring separation. Here, we report for the first time the isolation and characterisation of an enzyme, a deacetylase from Cyclobacterium marinum that is able to catalyse the highly selective quantitative hydrolysis of GlcNAc to glucosamine under mild reaction conditions. This enzyme is small (38 kDa), is easily obtainable by heterologous expression in E. coli, has high turnover rates (kcat = 61 s−1), tolerates high substrate concentrations (over 100 g L−1) and can be repeatedly re-used as an immobilised catalyst. When coupled with chitinase, the high selectivity of the enzyme for GlcNAc over other biomolecules allowed one-pot extraction of glucosamine from crude solid mushroom fractions containing chitin, thus allowing for alternative production of glucosamine from non-animal sources, of benefit to consumers with crustacean allergies and vegan diets. We suggest that the deacetylase fills an important gap in the sustainable exploitation of GlcNAc and chitin.
Starting Page	527
Ending Page	535
Page Count	9
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	14639262
Volume Number	19
Issue Number	2
Journal	Green Chemistry
DOI	10.1039/c6gc02910h
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Earth Glucosamine Chitin Dietary supplement Hydrolysis Enzyme Cyclobacterium Escherichia coli Chitinase Fungus Crustacean Veganism
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Pollution

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Highly efficient and selective biocatalytic production of glucosamine from chitin

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Effective production of N-acetyl-β-D-glucosamine bySerratia marcescens using chitinaceous waste

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Highly efficient and selective biocatalytic production of glucosamine from chitin

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