NDLI: Description of urolithin production capacity from ellagic acid of two human intestinal <i>Gordonibacter</i> species

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Description of urolithin production capacity from ellagic acid of two human intestinal Gordonibacter species

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Description of urolithin production capacity from ellagic acid of two human intestinal Gordonibacter species

Content Provider	Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
Author	Selma, María V. Espín, Juan C. Beltrán, David García-Villalba, Rocío Tomás-Barberán, Francisco A.
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	Ellagitannin and ellagic acid metabolism to urolithins in the gut shows a large human interindividual variability and this has been associated with differences in the colon microbiota. In the present study we describe the isolation of one urolithin-producing strain from the human faeces of a healthy volunteer and the ellagic acid transformation to different urolithin metabolites by two species of intestinal bacteria. The isolate belongs to a new species described as Gordonibacter urolithinfaciens, sp. nov. The type strain of the Gordonibacter genus, Gordonibacter pamelaeae DSM 19378T, was also demonstrated to produce urolithins. Both human intestinal bacteria grew similarly in the presence and absence of ellagic acid at 30 μM concentration. Ellagic acid catabolism and urolithin formation occurred during the stationary phase of the growth of the bacteria under anaerobic conditions. The HPLC-MS analyses showed the sequential production of pentahydroxy-urolithin (urolithin M-5), tetrahydroxy-urolithin (urolithin M-6) and trihydroxy-urolithin (urolithin C), while dihydroxy-urolithins (urolithin A and isourolithin A), and monohydroxy-urolithin (urolithin B) were not produced in pure cultures. Consequently, either other bacteria from the gut or the physiological conditions found in vivo are necessary for completing metabolism until the final urolithins (dihydroxy and monohydroxy urolithins) are produced. This is the first time that the urolithin production capacity of pure strains has been demonstrated. The identification of the urolithin-producing bacteria is a relevant outcome as urolithin implication in health (cardiovascular protection, anti-inflammatory and anticarcinogenic properties) has been supported by different bioassays and urolithins can be used in the development of functional foods and nutraceuticals. This study represents an initial work that opens interesting possibilities of describing enzymatic activities involved in urolithin production that can help in understanding both the human interindividual differences in polyphenol metabolism, the microbial pathways involved, and the role of polyphenols in human health. The presence of urolithin producing bacteria can indirectly affect the health benefits of ellagitannin consumption.
Starting Page	1779
Ending Page	1784
Page Count	6
File Format	HTM / HTML PDF
ISSN	20426496
Volume Number	5
Issue Number	8
Journal	Food & Function
DOI	10.1039/c4fo00092g
Language	English
Publisher	Royal Society of Chemistry
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	DSM Ellagitannin Acid Metabolism Large intestine Microbiota Gut flora Genus Catabolism Anaerobic organism Polyphenol
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Medicine Food Science

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The human gut microbial ecology associated with overweight and obesity determines ellagic acid metabolism

Interindividual variability in the human metabolism of ellagic acid: Contribution of Gordonibacter to urolithin production

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Bioavailability of dietary (poly)phenols: a study with ileostomists to discriminate between absorption in small and large intestine

Description of urolithin production capacity from ellagic acid of two human intestinal Gordonibacter species

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Description of urolithin production capacity from ellagic acid of two human intestinal Gordonibacter species