NDLI: Unsupervised Eye Pupil Localization through Differential Geometry and Local Self-Similarity Matching

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Leo, Marco Dario, Cazzato Marco, Tommaso De Cosimo, Distante
Editor	Madigan, Michele
Copyright Year	2014
Abstract	The automatic detection and tracking of human eyes and, in particular, the precise localization of their centers (pupils), is a widely debated topic in the international scientific community. In fact, the extracted information can be effectively used in a large number of applications ranging from advanced interfaces to biometrics and including also the estimation of the gaze direction, the control of human attention and the early screening of neurological pathologies. Independently of the application domain, the detection and tracking of the eye centers are, currently, performed mainly using invasive devices. Cheaper and more versatile systems have been only recently introduced: they make use of image processing techniques working on periocular patches which can be specifically acquired or preliminarily cropped from facial images. In the latter cases the involved algorithms must work even in cases of non-ideal acquiring conditions (e.g in presence of noise, low spatial resolution, non-uniform lighting conditions, etc.) and without user's awareness (thus with possible variations of the eye in scale, rotation and/or translation). Getting satisfying results in pupils' localization in such a challenging operating conditions is still an open scientific topic in Computer Vision. Actually, the most performing solutions in the literature are, unfortunately, based on supervised machine learning algorithms which require initial sessions to set the working parameters and to train the embedded learning models of the eye: this way, experienced operators have to work on the system each time it is moved from an operational context to another. It follows that the use of unsupervised approaches is more and more desirable but, unfortunately, their performances are not still satisfactory and more investigations are required. To this end, this paper proposes a new unsupervised approach to automatically detect the center of the eye: its algorithmic core is a representation of the eye's shape that is obtained through a differential analysis of image intensities and the subsequent combination with the local variability of the appearance represented by self-similarity coefficients. The experimental evidence of the effectiveness of the method was demonstrated on challenging databases containing facial images. Moreover, its capabilities to accurately detect the centers of the eyes were also favourably compared with those of the leading state-of-the-art methods.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0102829
Starting Page	102829
File Format	PDF
ISSN	19326203
e-ISSN	19326203
Journal	PLoS ONE
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	9
Language	English
Publisher	Public Library of Science
Publisher Date	2014-08-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Public Library of Science
Subject Keyword	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all) Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all) Medicine(all) Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

Robust Eye Center Localization through Face Alignment and Invariant Isocentric Patterns

Discovery of Novel Liver-Stage Antimalarials through Quantum Similarity

Local Coding Based Matching Kernel Method for Image Classification

Social Preference in Preschoolers: Effects of Morphological Self-Similarity and Familiarity

Looking at the Ventriloquist: Visual Outcome of Eye Movements Calibrates Sound Localization

Differential Reward Learning for Self and Others Predicts Self-Reported Altruism

Correction: Spatially Resolved Quantification of Chromatin Condensation through Differential Local Rheology in Cell Nuclei Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging

Myeloma Overexpressed 2 (Myeov2) Regulates L11 Subnuclear Localization through Nedd8 Modification

The Mind-Writing Pupil: A Human-Computer Interface Based on Decoding of Covert Attention through Pupillometry

Unsupervised Eye Pupil Localization through Differential Geometry and Local Self-Similarity Matching

Similar Documents

Robust Eye Center Localization through Face Alignment and Invariant Isocentric Patterns

Discovery of Novel Liver-Stage Antimalarials through Quantum Similarity

Local Coding Based Matching Kernel Method for Image Classification

Social Preference in Preschoolers: Effects of Morphological Self-Similarity and Familiarity

Looking at the Ventriloquist: Visual Outcome of Eye Movements Calibrates Sound Localization

Differential Reward Learning for Self and Others Predicts Self-Reported Altruism

Correction: Spatially Resolved Quantification of Chromatin Condensation through Differential Local Rheology in Cell Nuclei Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging

Myeloma Overexpressed 2 (Myeov2) Regulates L11 Subnuclear Localization through Nedd8 Modification

The Mind-Writing Pupil: A Human-Computer Interface Based on Decoding of Covert Attention through Pupillometry

Unsupervised Eye Pupil Localization through Differential Geometry and Local Self-Similarity Matching