NDLI: Sex differences in transgenerational alterations of growth and metabolism in progeny (F2) of female offspring (F1) of rats fed a low protein diet during pregnancy and lactation

Content Provider	PubMed Central
Author	Zambrano, E. Martínez-samayoa, Pm Bautista, Cj Deás, M. Guillén, L. Rodríguez-gonzález, Gl Guzmán, C. Larrea, F. Nathanielsz, Pw
Copyright Year	2005
Abstract	Compelling epidemiological and experimental evidence indicates that a suboptimal environment during fetal and neonatal development in both humans and animals may programme offspring susceptibility to later development of several chronic diseases including obesity and diabetes in which altered carbohydrate metabolism plays a central role. One of the most interesting and significant features of developmental programming is the evidence from several studies that the adverse consequences of altered intrauterine environments can be passed transgenerationally from mother (F0) to daughter (F1) to second generation offspring (F2). We determined whether when F0 female rats are exposed to protein restriction during pregnancy and/or lactation their F1 female pups deliver F2 offspring with in vivo evidence of altered glucose and insulin metabolism. We fed F0 virgin Wistar rats a normal control 20% casein diet (C) or a protein restricted isocaloric diet (R) containing 10% casein during pregnancy. F1 female R pups weighed less than C at birth. After delivery, mothers received C or R diet during lactation to provide four F1 offspring groups CC (first letter pregnancy diet and second lactation diet), RR, CR and RC. All F1 female offspring were fed ad libitum with C diet after weaning and during their first pregnancy and lactation. As they grew female offspring (F1) of RR and CR mothers exhibited low body weight and food intake with increased sensitivity to insulin during a glucose tolerance test at 110 days of postnatal life. Male F2 CR offspring showed evidence of insulin resistance. In contrast RC F2 females showed evidence of insulin resistance. Sex differences were also observed in F2 offspring in resting glucose and insulin and insulin : glucose ratios. These sex differences also showed differences specific to stage of development time window. We conclude that maternal protein restriction adversely affects glucose and insulin metabolism of male and female F2 offspring in a manner specific to sex and developmental time window during their mother's (the F1) fetal and neonatal development.
Related Links	http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/jphysiol.2005.086462
Ending Page	236
Page Count	12
Starting Page	225
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00223751
e-ISSN	14697793
Journal	The Journal of Physiology
Issue Number	Pt 1
Volume Number	566
Language	English
Publisher	Blackwell Science Inc
Publisher Date	2005-07-01
Access Restriction	Open
Rights Holder	Blackwell Science Inc
Subject Keyword	Physiology Research in Higher Education
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Physiology Sports Science

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