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| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Ai-Ho Liao Hao-Li Liu Chia-Hao Su Yu-Ting Weng Po-Hung Hsu Sheng-Min Huang Shih-Yen Wu Hsin-Ell Wang Tzu-Chen Yen Pai-Chi Li |
| Copyright Year | 2010 |
| Description | Author affiliation: National Taiwan University, Taiwan (Ai-Ho Liao; Yu-Ting Weng; Pai-Chi Li) || Chang Gung Hospital, Taiwan (Chia-Hao Su) || National Yang Min University, Taiwan (Shih-Yen Wu; Hsin-Ell Wang) || Chang Gung University, Taiwan (Hao-Li Liu; Po-Hung Hsu; Sheng-Min Huang; Tzu-Chen Yen) |
| Abstract | Targeted drug delivery by magnetic resonance (MR)-guided ultrasound (US)-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption has been developed using focused US in combination with encapsulated gas-filled microbubbles (MBs). However, the occurrence of intracerebral hemorrhage may hamper the usefulness of US-induced BBB opening, which is effectively indicated by gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast enhancement in T-weighted MR scans. This paper reports the dual function of paramagnetic particles of perfluorocarbon-filled albumin-gadolinium-diethylene-triamine penta-acetic acid (Gd-DTPA) MBs for BBB opening and for distinguishing between focused-US-induced BBB opening and intracerebral hemorrhage in MR contrast images. Perfluorocarbon-filled albumin-(Gd-DTPA) MBs were prepared with a mean diameter of 2320 nm and concentration of $2.903×10^{9}$ MBs/ml using albumin-(Gd-DTPA) and by sonication with perfluorocarbon (C) gas. The albumin-(Gd-DTPA) MBs were then centrifuged and the procedure was repeated until the free $Gd^{3+}$ ions were eliminated (which were detected by xylenol orange sodium salt solution). In vitro US imaging experiments showed that albumin-(Gd-DTPA) MBs can significantly enhance the US contrast in T-, T-, and $T^{∗}-weighted$ MR images. The r and r relaxivities for Gd-DTPA were 7.69 and 21.35 $s^{−1}$ $mM^{−1},$ respectively, indicating that the MBs represent a positive contrast agent in T-weighted images. In vivo MR imaging experiments on 18 rats showed that focused US combined with albumin-(Gd-DTPA) MBs can be used to both induce and detect disruption of the BBB. After disrupting the BBB, the leakage of albumin-(Gd-DTPA) MBs shells can be detected for distinguishing between focused-US-induced disruption of the BBB and intracerebral hemorrhage in T-weighted images. The results indicate that albumin-(Gd-DTPA) MBs have potential as a US/MR dual-modality contrast agent for BBB opening and differentiating focused-US-induced BBB opening from intracerebral hemorrhage. |
| Starting Page | 1015 |
| Ending Page | 1018 |
| File Size | 2304620 |
| Page Count | 4 |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 9781457703829 |
| ISSN | 19485727 |
| e-ISBN | 9781457703812 |
| DOI | 10.1109/ULTSYM.2010.5935814 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2010-10-11 |
| Publisher Place | USA |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | Imaging Hemorrhaging Animals Ultrasonic imaging Acoustics In vivo Image resolution |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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