NDLI: Criteria for the design and characterization of large-area arrays for transskull ultrasound surgery and therapy

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Clement, G. Hynynen, K.
Copyright Year	2000
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Radiol., Harvard Med. Sch., Boston, MA, USA (Clement, G.)
Abstract	The concept of a noninvasive ultrasound transducer array for therapeutic and surgical procedures in the brain introduces a number of unique design and measurement considerations. The primary problem is to produce an array that can correct for the distortion of a focused beam caused by the skull bone and at the same time avoid significant skull heating during high power sonications. The number of array elements must be sufficient to correct for ultrasound diffraction and scattering, permit steering of the beam whether mechanically or electronically, and possess the ability to deliver therapeutic power levels. The surface area of the array must be large enough to minimize levels of skull heating to the point where it is safe for the patient as well as insignificant to cause severe changes in the acoustic properties of the bone. Further, the frequency must be optimized to allow for the maximum gain between the skull surface and the transducer. Each of these problems is addressed, resulting in a hemisphere-shaped transducer array design (r=150 mm) optimized in frequency (f=0.67 MHz) and element number (N=64). A second array (f=0.81 MHz, N=500 MHz) is designed to both restore the focus through the skull as well as electronically shift the beam.
Starting Page	1243
Ending Page	1246
File Size	2715395
Page Count	4
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780363655
ISSN	10510117
DOI	10.1109/ULTSYM.2000.921548
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2000-10-22
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Skull Acoustic beams Ultrasonic imaging Bones Heating Frequency Acoustic transducers Ultrasonic transducers Ultrasonic transducer arrays Surgery
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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