NDLI: Laser Raman Spectroscopic Analyses of Dissolved Gases

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	White, S.N.
Copyright Year	2007
Description	Author affiliation: Woods Hole Oceanogr. Instn., Woods Hole (White, S.N.)
Abstract	Laser Raman spectroscopy is an optical technique which is capable of in situ molecular identification of solids, liquids and gases, and is well suited to extreme environments. It is a type of vibrational spectroscopy which is non-invasive and does not require reagents or consumables. A laser excites a target, and the spectrum of the energy-shifted, back-scattered radiation serves as a "fingerprint" - providing compositional and structural information. Raman scattering is a weak effect - only 1 in $10^{8}$ photons is Raman scattered - but it benefits in the deep ocean from the lack of ambient light. The development of a sea-going Raman system capable of deployment on an ocean observatory will allow in situ analyses of dissolved gases in vent fluids at hydrothermal vent and other seafloor seep sites. Gases of interest at hydrothermal and cold seep sites include carbon dioxide $(CO_{2}),$ methane $(CH_{4})$ and higher hydrocarbons, and hydrogen sulfide $(H_{2}S).$ These gases are all Raman active and have distinct Raman signatures. For example, $CO_{2}$ is characterized by a Fermi diad at ~1285 & ~1388 $Deltacm^{-1}$ . However, the aqueous band positions are broadened and shifted from the gas-phase band positions. In addition to identifying gases by band positions, concentrations of dissolved gases can be inferred by the relative height of their Raman bands. Extracting this type of quantitative information from Raman spectra requires the use of a ratio technique as described by Wopenka and Pasteris [1987]. In this work the gas bands are compared to the water stretching band (~3435 $Deltacm^{-1}$ ). Although the position and intensity of some of the water bands are affected by temperature, the 3435 band height is relatively stable.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	6
File Size	3971126
Page Count	6
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9780933957350
DOI	10.1109/OCEANS.2007.4449273
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2007-09-29
Publisher Place	Canada
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	MTS
Subject Keyword	Spectroscopy Gas lasers Raman scattering Dissolved gas analysis Gases Optical scattering Oceans Vents Solid lasers Liquids
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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