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| Content Provider | IEEE Xplore Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Hell, S.W. |
| Copyright Year | 2009 |
| Description | Author affiliation: Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen (Hell, S.W.) |
| Abstract | The resolution of a far-field optical microscope is usually limited to d = λ (2 n sin α) > 200 nm, with nsinα denoting the numerical aperture of the lens and λ the wavelength of light. Here, I will discuss lens-based fluorescence microscopy concepts that feature a resolving power on the nanoscale. All these concepts share a common basis: exploiting selected (pairs of) states and transitions of the fluorescent marker to neutralize the limiting role of diffraction[1, 2]. Specifically, the marker is switched between a bright and a dark state to detect the emission of adjacent features sequentially in time. The first viable concept of this kind was Stimulated Emission Depletion (STED) microscopy[3] where the diameter of the region (focal spot) in which the molecule can be in the fluorescent state follows d ≈ λ/(2nsinα √1 + I/Is. I is the intensity that drives a fluorophore from the bright fluorescent state to the dark ground state by stimulated emission. Is depends (inversely) on the lifetime of the states. For I/Is → ∞, it follows that d → 0, meaning that the resolution can be molecular[4–6]. Altogether, far-field optical ‘nanoscopy’ is a fascinating development in optics with high relevance to the many areas of sciences, in particular the life sciences. Since it has already been a key to answering important questions in biology, and owing to its simplicity and commercial availability, I expect far-field fluorescence ‘nanoscopes’ to enter most cell biology and many nanoscience laboratories the near future[7]. |
| Starting Page | 1 |
| Ending Page | 1 |
| File Size | 196818 |
| Page Count | 1 |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 9781424438297 |
| DOI | 10.1109/CLEOPR.2009.5292239 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Publisher Date | 2009-08-30 |
| Publisher Place | China |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Rights Holder | Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE) |
| Subject Keyword | Nanobioscience Biomedical optical imaging Fluorescence Optical microscopy Apertures Lenses Optical diffraction Cells (biology) Biological cells Laboratories |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
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