NDLI: Calibration Attack and Defense in Continuous Variable Quantum Key Distribution

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Ferenczi, A. Grangier, P. Grosshans, F.
Copyright Year	2007
Description	Author affiliation: ENS de Cachan, Cachan (Ferenczi, A.)
Abstract	Quantum continuous variables (CV) have been explored as an alternative to qubits for quantum key distribution (QKD). More specifically, protocols using coherent states and homodyne or heterodyne measurements have been proposed and experimentally demonstrated (Grosshans et al., 2003). Relying on technologies allowing much higher rates than allowed by the single photon detectors used in qubit based QKD, those protocols are the only ones which could allow key rates in the GHz range in the foreseeable future. Furthermore, their security proofs have recently been extendend to generic attacks in the case of gaussian modulation. However, to our knowledge, all security analyses up to know have implicitely assumed Bob's measurement setup to use a homo- or heterodyne detection with an external classical phase reference, while the experimental realizations use a lightbeam for this role. This beam doesn't carry any information useful to the spy, and any attack on its phase could equally be carried on the signal beam. However, the intensity of this beam is used in experimental implementations to calibrate the quantum noise level. This calibration is then used to determine the channel gain, which is an important parameter of Eve's attack. We show that this allows Eve to implement an intercepte resend attack forbiding QKD as soon as the losses are above 3dB. We also give simple countermeasures to this new class of attacks.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	1
File Size	77623
Page Count	1
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424409303
DOI	10.1109/CLEOE-IQEC.2007.4386772
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2007-06-17
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Phase measurement Calibration Phase detection Cryptographic protocols Photonics Noise level Unconditional security Information security Detectors Picture archiving and communication systems Continuous variables Cryptography Quantum cryptography Collective attacks
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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