NDLI: Increase the hiding-bit capacity and strength for text watermarking with the line intersection on text image

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Yawai, W. Hiransakolwong, N.
Copyright Year	2012
Description	Author affiliation: Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand (Yawai, W.; Hiransakolwong, N.)
Abstract	This research presents how to use the intersection position of horizontal line, virtually run across text character skeleton line on a text image under the cross ratio applying, to be the marking point of zero watermark; means watermarking without any actual watermark, which consequently increase the remarkable watermark hiding-bit capacity and robustness. One point of intersection across one text character skeleton line is one specific pixel which defined as one hiding-bit of zero watermark; just only marking its pattern, so that the more reference horizontal lines plotting, the more points of intersection would be got and increasing the hiding-bit capacity for watermarking which generally is the most limitation of other text watermarking methods. The high capacity for hiding bits means more chance to make many sets of redundant encrypted watermark data, in case some parts of text document image have been modified or tampered with. In addition, intersection points for virtually embedding watermarks still have a great strength for identifying the point of text which has been modified if all positions of intersection points are collected. Moreover, these intersection positions also has been applied with the cross ratio of four collinear points, to build up its robustness in order to survive from possibly attacking. The testing proved that this watermarking method can be effectively used to hide more redundant data, verify its integrity, be robust and easily apply it to multi-language text images such as English, Thai, Chinese and Arabic languages.
Starting Page	427
Ending Page	433
File Size	1604183
Page Count	7
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781467308939
e-ISBN	9788988678688
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2012-04-24
Publisher Place	Korea (South)
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	AICIT
Subject Keyword	Barium Cross ratio Collinear points Text image Zero watermark Geometric distortion Robustness Yttrium Digital watermarking Hiding-bit capacity
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in

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