NDLI: Minimum-buffered routing of non-critical nets for slew rate and reliability control

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Alpert, C. Kahng, A.B. Bao Liu Mandoiu, I. Zelikovsky, A.
Copyright Year	2001
Description	Author affiliation: Dept. of Comput. Sci. & Eng., California Univ., San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA (Alpert, C.)
Abstract	In high-speed digital VLSI design, bounding the load capacitance at gate outputs is a well-known methodology to improve coupling noise immunity, reduce degradation of signal transition edges, and reduce delay uncertainty due to coupling noise. Bounding load capacitance also improves reliability with respect to hot-carrier oxide breakdown and AC self-heating in interconnects, and guarantees bounded input rise/fall times at buffers and sinks. This paper introduces a new minimum-buffer routing problem (MBRP) formulation which requires that the capacitive load of each buffer, and of the source driver, be upper-bounded by a given constant. Our contributions include the following. (i) We give linear-time algorithms for optimal buffering of a given routing tree with a single (inverting or noninverting) buffer type. (ii) For simultaneous routing and buffering with a single noninverting buffer type, we give a factor 2(1+/spl epsiv/) approximation algorithm and prove that no algorithm can guarantee a factor smaller than 2 unless P=NP. For the case of a single inverting buffer type, we give a factor 4(1+/spl epsiv/) approximation algorithm. (iii) We give local-improvement and clustering based MBRP heuristics with improved practical performance, and present a comprehensive experimental study comparing the runtime/quality trade-offs of the proposed MBRP heuristics on test cases extracted from recent industrial designs.
Starting Page	408
Ending Page	415
File Size	913452
Page Count	8
File Format	PDF
ISBN	0780372476
ISSN	10923152
DOI	10.1109/ICCAD.2001.968659
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2001-11-04
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Routing Approximation algorithms Clustering algorithms Capacitance Noise reduction Very large scale integration Signal design Degradation Delay Uncertainty
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Computer Graphics and Computer-Aided Design Computer Science Applications Software

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