NDLI: Operational Lessons Learned for Systems Management and Automation on Manned Spacecraft

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Garcia-Galan, C. Armstrong, R.E. Lammers, M.L. McMillan, C.R.
Copyright Year	2008
Description	Author affiliation: NASA-Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX (Garcia-Galan, C.)
Abstract	Over the last four decades of human spaceflight, the capabilities and complexity of manned spacecraft systems have increased significantly to meet the evolving requirements of the mission. The management of the vehicle systems, both by the crew on-board and the operators in the mission control center (MCC), has also evolved to take advantage of new capabilities, or simply to react to the features of the spacecraft design. As we embark in a new era of space exploration, with firm plans for the development of a new fleet of spacecraft intended to carry out the objectives of the Constellation program, it is relevant to examine important lessons learned on the design and management of manned spacecraft systems and the mission. This paper will focus on lessons learned related to system management capabilities that directly impact crew safety, mission success and/or improve operability of the spacecraft. In particular, the authors will examine current system design features, capabilities and processes that provide valuable capabilities or create operational challenges for the current manned spacecraft operated by NASA; the space transportation system (STS) (a.k.a. the space shuttle) and the International Space Station (ISS). Furthermore, it is important to analyze relevant events for which specific design capabilities have enabled safety or mission success, and others where system or process anomalies led to reduced system capabilities or operational challenges. A notable example of such events are the recent on-board command and control (C&C) computer anomalies in ISS, both on the US (during mission ISS 6A) and Russian segments (mission ISS 13A). For such events, it is important to understand the root-cause of the problem, to avoid it in future designs. However, it is more relevant to understand what aspects of the design led to the mitigation or further propagation of the impact of the failure, and the capabilities that enabled the team to recover from the anomalies. Moreover, relevant lessons learned are equally beneficial to standard practices or specific system capabilities that provide enabling tools for safer and more efficient operations. The purpose of this paper is to identify relevant operational lessons learned from current architectural designs and processes. For that purpose, the authors combine the discussion of "real-life" events, along with selected standard desired design features, to provide an illustration of capabilities that should be considered during the design and implementation of future spacecraft, including the crew exploration vehicle (CEV) and other elements of the Constellation program.
Starting Page	1
Ending Page	14
File Size	5263678
Page Count	14
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9781424414871
ISSN	1095323X
DOI	10.1109/AERO.2008.4526512
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2008-03-01
Publisher Place	USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Automation Space vehicles Safety Space shuttles Humans Automatic control Control systems Space exploration NASA Space stations
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Aerospace Engineering Space and Planetary Science

Sl.	Authority	Responsibilities	Communication Details
1	Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education	Sanctioning Authority	https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives
2	Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project	https://www.iitkgp.ac.in
3	National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur	The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in
4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
5	Website/Portal (Helpdesk)	Queries regarding NDLI and its services	support@ndl.gov.in
6	Contents and Copyright Issues	Queries related to content curation and copyright issues	content@ndl.gov.in
7	National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club)	Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach	clubsupport@ndl.gov.in
8	Digital Preservation Centre (DPC)	Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books	dpc@ndl.gov.in
9	IDR Setup or Support	Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops	idr@ndl.gov.in