NDLI: Origin of Different Dependences of Open-Circuit Voltage on the Electrodes in Layered and Bulk Heterojunction Organic Photovoltaic Cells

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Chunfu Zhang Shi-Wun Tong Chang-Yun Jiang En-Tang Kang Chan, D.S.H. Chunxiang Zhu
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	Experimental results show that the V _OC of layered heterojunction (HJ) organic photovoltaic (PV) cells behaves with a very weak dependence on the electrodes. However, the V _OC of bulk HJ PV cells behaves with a strong dependence on the electrodes. In this paper, an explanation for the different behaviors of V _OC on the electrodes is proposed. It is found that the V _OC of the two types of PV cells follows the same mechanism and is mainly determined by the light-injected carriers at the donor/acceptor (D/A) interface and the electrodes. However, the distinct device structures make the boundary conditions in layered and bulk HJ PV cells different, which leads to the different dependences of V _OC on the electrodes. The layered HJ PV cells have geometrically ¿flat¿ D/A and metal/organic (M/O) interfaces (the interface near the electrode), which makes the effective thickness from the D/A interface to the M/O interface large. Thus, there is a low electric field at the M/O interface and, then, a very small barrier lowering. Under this condition, the light-injected carriers at the D/A interface tend to ¿pin¿ the Fermi level of the electrodes. As a result, V _OC shows only a very weak dependence on the work function of the electrodes. However, the formation of the interpenetrating network in bulk HJ PV cells greatly decreases the D and A domain dimensions and induces the ambipolar carrier distribution in the blend layer. This will cause very large barrier lowering at the M/O interface when there is a high barrier. Under this condition, the light-injected carriers at the D/A interface can no longer ¿pin¿ the electrode Fermi level. Thus, a strong dependence of V _OC on the electrodes for bulk HJ PV cells is observed.
Sponsorship	IEEE Electron Devices Society
Starting Page	397
Ending Page	405
Page Count	9
File Size	737795
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189383
Volume Number	57
Issue Number	2
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2010-02-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Metals Cathodes Organic materials Excitons Tunneling organic solar cells Ambipolar carrier distribution electrode dependence light injection open-circuit voltage
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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