NDLI: Small animal imaging by single photon emission using pinhole and coded aperture collimation

Content Provider	IEEE Xplore Digital Library
Author	Garibaldi, F. Accorsi, R. Cinti, M.N. Cisbani, E. Colilli, S. Cusanno, F. De Vincentis, G. Fortuna, A. Fratoni, R. Girolami, B. Ghio, F. Giuliani, F. Gricia, M. Lanza, R. Loizzo, A. Loizzo, S. Lucentini, M. Majewski, S. Santavenere, F. Pani, R. Pellegrini, R. Signore, A. Scopinaro, F. Veneroni, P.P.
Copyright Year	1963
Abstract	The design of detectors for radio-imaging of small animals is challenging because of the high spatial resolution required, possibly coupled with high efficiency to allow dynamic studies. Spatial resolution and sensitivity are difficult to attain at the same time with single photon imaging techniques because collimators define and limit performance. In this paper we first describe a simple desktop gamma imager equipped with a pinhole collimator and based on a pixellated NaI(Tl) scintillator array coupled to a Hamamatsu R2486 PSPMT. The limits of such a system as well as the way to overcome them in future systems is shown next. Better light sampling at the anode level would allow better pixel identification for a higher number of pixels, which is one of the parameters defining image quality and improving spatial resolution. The performance of such a design is compared with other designs using other PSPMT types with different light sampling schemes at the anode level. Finally, we show how the substitution of the pinhole collimator with a coded aperture collimator can result in a substantial improvement in system sensitivity while maintaining very good spatial resolution, possibly at a sub-millimeter level. Calculations and simulations of a particular solution show that sensitivity can improve by a factor of nearly 30.
Sponsorship	IEEE Nuclear and Plasma Sciences Society Computer Applications in Nuclear and Plasma Sciences (CANPS) Lawrence Berkeley Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab. APS College of William and Mary Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility NASA Defence Nuclear Agency Sandia National Laboratories Jet Propulsion Laboratory Brookhaven Nat. Lab. Lawrence Livermore Nat. Lab IEEE/NPPS Radiat. Effects Committee Defence Nuclear Agency/DoD Sandia National Laboratories/DOE Jet Propulsion Laboratory/NASA Phillips Lab./DoD
Starting Page	573
Ending Page	579
Page Count	7
File Size	838227
File Format	PDF
ISSN	00189499
Volume Number	52
Issue Number	3
Language	English
Publisher	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Publisher Date	2005-06-01
Publisher Place	U.S.A.
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Rights Holder	Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)
Subject Keyword	Animals Apertures Optical collimators Spatial resolution Pixel High-resolution imaging Image sampling Anodes Detectors Optical imaging spatial resolution Nuclear imaging scintillation detectors sensitivity
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Nuclear and High Energy Physics Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nuclear Energy and Engineering

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4	Project PI / Joint PI	Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project	Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon
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