NDLI: Experimental Studies of Nonisothermal Binary Fluids With Phase Change in Confined Geometries

Content Provider	The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) Digital Collection
Author	Li, Yaofa Benjamin, M. Chan Yoda, Minami
Copyright Year	2012
Abstract	Evaporative cooling, which exploits the large latent heats associated with phase change, is of interest in a variety of thermal management technologies. Yet our fundamental understanding of thermal and mass transport remains limited. Evaporation and condensation can change the local temperature, and hence surface tension, along a liquid-vapor interface. The resulting thermocapillary stresses are dominant at small length scales in many cases. For the vast majority of single-component coolants, surface tension decreases as temperature increases, resulting in thermocapillary stresses that drive the liquid away from hot regions, leading to dryout, for example. The direction of flow driven by thermocapillary stresses is therefore consistent with that driven by buoyancy effects due to changes in the liquid density with temperature. However, a number of binary “self-rewetting fluids,” consisting of water-alcohol mixtures, have surface tensions that increase with temperature, leading to thermocapillary stresses that drive liquid towards hot regions, improving cooling performance. Although not all binary coolants are self-rewetting, all such coolants are subject to solutocapillary stresses, where differential evaporation of the two fluid components leads to changes in local species concentration at the liquid-vapor interface, and hence in surface tension. Given the lack of general models of thermal and mass transport in nonisothermal two-phase flows, experimental studies of convection in simple fluids and binary alcohol-water mixtures due to evaporation and condensation driven by a horizontal temperature gradient were performed. In these initial studies, both the simple and binary fluids have thermocapillary stresses that drive liquid away from hot regions. However, the binary fluid also has solutocapillary stresses that drive liquid towards hot regions. Particle-image velocimetry (PIV) is used to nonintrusively measure the velocity and temperature fields in a layer of liquid a few mm in depth in a 1 cm × 1 cm × 4.85 cm sealed and evacuated cuvette heated on one end and cooled on the other end.
Sponsorship	Nanotechnology Institute
Starting Page	889
Ending Page	898
Page Count	10
File Format	PDF
ISBN	9780791854778
DOI	10.1115/MNHMT2012-75246
Conference Proceedings	ASME 2012 Third International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer
Language	English
Publisher Date	2012-03-03
Publisher Place	Atlanta, Georgia, USA
Access Restriction	Subscribed
Subject Keyword	Water Temperature Cooling Ethanol Vapors Buoyancy Evaporative cooling Evaporation Condensation Density Flow (dynamics) Stress Convection Temperature gradient Fluids Two-phase flow Particulate matter Coolants Thermal management Surface tension
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article

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