Please wait, while we are loading the content...
Please wait, while we are loading the content...
| Content Provider | ACM Digital Library |
|---|---|
| Author | Chen, Ray T. |
| Abstract | The speed and complexity of integrated circuits are increasing rapidly as integrated circuit technology advances from very-large-scale integrated (VLSI) circuits to ultra-large-scale integrated (ULSI) circuits. As the number of devices per chip, the number of chips per board, the modulation speed, and the degree of integration continue to increase, electrical interconnects are facing their fundamental bottlenecks, such as speed, packaging, fan-out, and power dissipation. In the quest for high-density packaging of electronic circuits, the construction of multichip modules (MCM), which decrease the surface area by removing package walls between chips, improved signal integrity by shortening interconnection distances and removing impedance problems and capacitances. The employment of copper and materials with lower dielectric constant materials can release the bottleneck in a chip level for the next several years. The International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors (ITRS) expects that on-chip local clock speed will constantly increase to 10 GHz by the year 2011. Electrical interconnects operating at a high-frequency region have many problems to be solved, such as crosstalk, impedance matching, power dissipation, skew, and packing density. Optical interconnection has several advantages, such as immunity to the electromagnetic interference, independency to impedance mismatch, less power consumption, and high-speed operation. Although the optical interconnects have great advantages compared with the copper/low K interconnection, they still have some difficulties regarding packaging, multilayer technology, signal tapping, and reworkability. In this presentation, the progress of optical interconnect for intra and inter-board levels will be presented with both passive and active components suitable for system integration including thin film planar waveguides, vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs), PIN photodiode array and silicon nano-photonic crystal waveguide modulators. |
| Starting Page | 85 |
| Ending Page | 86 |
| Page Count | 2 |
| File Format | |
| ISBN | 9781595936134 |
| DOI | 10.1145/1231996.1232015 |
| Language | English |
| Publisher | Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) |
| Publisher Date | 2007-03-18 |
| Publisher Place | New York |
| Access Restriction | Subscribed |
| Subject Keyword | Optical interconnects Pcb interconnects Optical bus architecture |
| Content Type | Text |
| Resource Type | Article |
National Digital Library of India (NDLI) is a virtual repository of learning resources which is not just a repository with search/browse facilities but provides a host of services for the learner community. It is sponsored and mentored by Ministry of Education, Government of India, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT). Filtered and federated searching is employed to facilitate focused searching so that learners can find the right resource with least effort and in minimum time. NDLI provides user group-specific services such as Examination Preparatory for School and College students and job aspirants. Services for Researchers and general learners are also provided. NDLI is designed to hold content of any language and provides interface support for 10 most widely used Indian languages. It is built to provide support for all academic levels including researchers and life-long learners, all disciplines, all popular forms of access devices and differently-abled learners. It is designed to enable people to learn and prepare from best practices from all over the world and to facilitate researchers to perform inter-linked exploration from multiple sources. It is developed, operated and maintained from Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur.
Learn more about this project from here.
NDLI is a conglomeration of freely available or institutionally contributed or donated or publisher managed contents. Almost all these contents are hosted and accessed from respective sources. The responsibility for authenticity, relevance, completeness, accuracy, reliability and suitability of these contents rests with the respective organization and NDLI has no responsibility or liability for these. Every effort is made to keep the NDLI portal up and running smoothly unless there are some unavoidable technical issues.
Ministry of Education, through its National Mission on Education through Information and Communication Technology (NMEICT), has sponsored and funded the National Digital Library of India (NDLI) project.
| Sl. | Authority | Responsibilities | Communication Details |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ministry of Education (GoI), Department of Higher Education |
Sanctioning Authority | https://www.education.gov.in/ict-initiatives |
| 2 | Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | Host Institute of the Project: The host institute of the project is responsible for providing infrastructure support and hosting the project | https://www.iitkgp.ac.in |
| 3 | National Digital Library of India Office, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur | The administrative and infrastructural headquarters of the project | Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in |
| 4 | Project PI / Joint PI | Principal Investigator and Joint Principal Investigators of the project |
Dr. B. Sutradhar bsutra@ndl.gov.in Prof. Saswat Chakrabarti will be added soon |
| 5 | Website/Portal (Helpdesk) | Queries regarding NDLI and its services | support@ndl.gov.in |
| 6 | Contents and Copyright Issues | Queries related to content curation and copyright issues | content@ndl.gov.in |
| 7 | National Digital Library of India Club (NDLI Club) | Queries related to NDLI Club formation, support, user awareness program, seminar/symposium, collaboration, social media, promotion, and outreach | clubsupport@ndl.gov.in |
| 8 | Digital Preservation Centre (DPC) | Assistance with digitizing and archiving copyright-free printed books | dpc@ndl.gov.in |
| 9 | IDR Setup or Support | Queries related to establishment and support of Institutional Digital Repository (IDR) and IDR workshops | idr@ndl.gov.in |
|
Loading...
|