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An improved postconditioning algorithm: gradually increased reperfusion provides improved cardioprotection in rats.

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An improved postconditioning algorithm: gradually increased reperfusion provides improved cardioprotection in rats.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Li, Tiande Liu, Xiuhua Wang, Yu Bai, Jing Su, Shaoping Zhang, Guoming Sun, Yuanyuan Li, Xiaoyan
Description	Author Affiliation: Zhang G ( Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China.)
Abstract	The aim of the present study was to investigate whether a gradually increasing reperfusion algorithm, in which the brief reperfusion was lengthened as the duration of each reperfusion/reocclusion cycle remained fixed, enhances cardioprotection. Rats were randomized into 5 groups: the sham, reperfusion injury (R/I), gradually decreased reperfusion (GDR; 30/1025/1515/2510/30 sec of reperfusion/reocclusion), equal reperfusion (ER; 4 20/20sec reperfusion/reocclusion cycles) and gradually increased reperfusion (GIR; 10/3015/2525/1530/10 sec of reperfusion/reocclusion). The rats were sacrificed to measure serum markers, apoptotic indices and infarct size. Western blot analyses were used to analyze the expression of molecules involved in important signaling pathways. All the three postconditioning patterns were found to provide cardioprotection (P<0.05 compared with the R/I group). GIR provided optimum cardioprotection, followed by ER and then GDR. Apoptotic index and serum marker levels were significantly reduced in the GIR compared with the ER group (P<0.05). The enhanced cardioprotection provided by GIR was accompanied by significantly increased levels of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) phosphorylation and Bcl2, as well as lower levels of p38/cJun Nterminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, tumor necrosis factor (TNF ), caspase8, Bax, caspase9 and cytochrome c (Cytc) in the cytoplasm of rats (P<0.05, all compared with ER). The infarct size in the rats of the GIR group was also smaller compared with that in the rats of the ER group, but this difference was not significant (16.30±5.22 vs. 20.57±6.32%, P>0.05). All the variables measured in the present study were significantly improved in the GIR group compared with the GDR group (P<0.05). In conclusion, the association between brief reperfusion and reocclusion is an important factor in postconditioning algorithms. Additionally, GIR results in improved cardioprotection compared with that achieved by the remaining algorithms examined.
ISSN	17912997
e-ISSN	17913004
Journal	Molecular Medicine Reports
Issue Number	2
Volume Number	8
Language	English
Publisher	Spandidos Publications
Publisher Date	2013-08-01
Publisher Place	Greece
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Ischemic Postconditioning Myocardial Reperfusion Injury Therapy Algorithms Animals Apoptosis Biological Markers Blood Caspase 8 Metabolism Caspase 9 Disease Models, Animal Hemodynamics Jnk Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase 3 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Physiopathology Myocardium Pathology Myocytes, Cardiac Time Factors Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha Bcl-2-associated X Protein P38 Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Molecular Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Genetics Biochemistry Molecular Biology Cancer Research Molecular Medicine Oncology

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