NDLI: Determination of fecal contamination origin in reclaimed water open-air ponds using biochemical fingerprinting of enterococci and fecal coliforms.

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Determination of fecal contamination origin in reclaimed water open-air ponds using biochemical fingerprinting of enterococci and fecal coliforms.

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Determination of fecal contamination origin in reclaimed water open-air ponds using biochemical fingerprinting of enterococci and fecal coliforms.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Casanovas-Massana, Arnau Blanch, Anicet R.
Spatial Coverage	Spain
Description	Country affiliation: Spain Author Affiliation: Casanovas-Massana A ( Departament of Microbiology, University of Barcelona, Av. Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. arnaucasanovas@ub.edu)
Abstract	Low levels of fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) were recently detected in two reclaimed water open-air ponds used to irrigate a golf course located in Northeastern Spain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a biochemical fingerprinting method to track the origin of fecal contamination in water with low FIB levels, as in the aforementioned ponds. We also aimed to determine whether FIB presence was due to regrowth of the reclaimed water populations or to a contribution of fecal matter whose source was in the golf facility. Three hundred and fifty enterococcal strains and 308 fecal coliform strains were isolated from the ponds and reclamation plant, and they were biochemically phenotyped. In addition, the inactivation of several microbial fecal pollution indicators (fecal coliforms, total bifidobacteria, sorbitol-fermenting bifidobacteria, somatic bacteriophages, and bacteriophages infecting Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron) was studied using a mesocosm in situ in order to obtain information about their decay rate. Although FIB concentration was low, the biochemical fingerprinting provided evidence that the origin of the fecal contamination in the ponds was not related to the reclaimed water. Biochemical fingerprinting thus proved to be a successful approach, since other microbial source-tracking methods perform poorly when dealing with low fecal load matrices. Furthermore, the mesocosm assays indicated that none of the microbial fecal indicators was able to regrow in the ponds. Finally, the study highlights the fact that reclaimed water may be recontaminated in open-air reservoirs, and therefore, its microbial quality should be monitored throughout its use.
ISSN	09441344
Issue Number	5
Volume Number	20
e-ISSN	16147499
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2013-05-01
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Dna Fingerprinting Methods Enterobacteriaceae Genetics Enterococcus Environmental Monitoring Sewage Microbiology Waste Disposal, Fluid Standards Water Quality Colony Count, Microbial Classification Isolation & Purification Feces Ponds Spain Water Microbiology Evaluation Studies Journal Article Research Support, Non-u.s. Gov't Discipline Environmental Science Discipline Environmental Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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