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Are urinary polyaromatic hydrocarbons associated with adult hypertension, heart attack, and cancer? USA NHANES, 2011-2012.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Shiue, Ivy
Spatial Coverage	United States
Description	Country affiliation: United kingdom Author Affiliation: Shiue I ( Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, England, UK. ivy.shiue@northumbria.ac.uk.)
Abstract	Links between environmental chemicals and human health have emerged over the last few decades, but the effects from polyaromatic hydrocarbons were less studied, compared to other commonly known environmental chemicals such as heavy metals, phthalates, arsenic, phenols and pesticides. Therefore, it was aimed to study the relationships of urinary polyaromatic hydrocarbons and adult cardiovascular disease and cancer using human sample in a national and population-based study in recent years. Data was retrieved from US National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2011-2012, including demographics, self-reported health conditions and urinary polyaromatic hydrocarbons. Statistical analyses included chi-square test, t test, survey-weighted logistic regression modeling and population attributable risk (PAR) estimation. Of 5560 American adults aged 20-80 and included in the statistical analysis, urinary polyaromatic hydrocarbons (representatively in one-third sample) were observed to be higher in people with cardiovascular disease and total cancer. In particular, urinary 4-hydroxyphenanthrene was associated with hypertension (odds ratio (OR) 1.33, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.00-1.76, P = 0.048, PAR 5.1%), urinary 1-hydroxypyrene was significantly associated with heart attack (OR 1.47, 95%CI 1.05-2.06, P = 0.027, PAR 1.7%), and urinary 2-hydroxynapthalene (2-naphthol) was associated with cancer (OR 1.46, 95%CI 1.12-1.90, P = 0.008, PAR 3.9%). Urinary polyaromatic hydrocarbons were associated with adult hypertension, heart attack and cancer, although the causality cannot be established. From the research perspective, future studies with a longitudinal or experimental approach would be suggested. From the law and public health perspectives, regulation on minimizing exposure to polyaromatic hydrocarbons might need to be considered in future health and environmental policies and intervention programs.
ISSN	09441344
Issue Number	21
Volume Number	22
e-ISSN	16147499
Journal	Environmental Science and Pollution Research
Language	English
Publisher	Springer
Publisher Date	2015-11-01
Publisher Place	Germany
Access Restriction	One Nation One Subscription (ONOS)
Subject Keyword	Hydrocarbons, Aromatic Urine Hypertension Myocardial Infarction Neoplasms Adult Aged Aged, 80 And Over Humans Epidemiology Middle Aged Nutrition Surveys United States Young Adult Journal Article Discipline Environmental Science Discipline Environmental Chemistry
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Environmental Chemistry Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis Pollution Medicine

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