NDLI: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation promotes infiltration of alternatively activated macrophages into adipose tissue.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Stienstra, Rinke Keshtkar, Shohreh Müller, Michael Duval, Caroline Van Der Laak, Jeroen Kersten, Sander
Description	Author Affiliation: Stienstra R ( Nutrition, Metabolism, and Genomics Group, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, 6700 EV Wageningen, The Netherlands.)
Abstract	Obesity is associated with infiltration of macrophages into adipose tissue. Adipose macrophages may contribute to an elevated inflammatory status by secreting a variety of proinflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Recent data suggest that during diet-induced obesity the phenotype of adipose-resident macrophages changes from alternatively activated macrophages toward a more classical and pro-inflammatory phenotype. Here, we explore the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma activation on obesity-induced inflammation in 129SV mice fed a high fat diet for 20 weeks. High fat feeding increased bodyweight gain, adipose tissue mass, and liver triglycerides. Rosiglitazone treatment further increased adipose mass, reduced liver triglycerides, and changed adipose tissue morphology toward smaller adipocytes. Surprisingly, rosiglitazone markedly increased the number of macrophages in adipose tissue, as shown by immunohistochemical analysis and quantification of macrophage marker genes CD68 and F4/80+. In adipose tissue, markers for classically activated macrophages including IL-18 were down-regulated, whereas markers characteristic for alternatively activated macrophages (arginase 1, IL-10) were up-regulated by rosiglitazone. Importantly, conditioned media from rosiglitazone-treated alternatively activated macrophages neutralized the inhibitory effect of macrophages on 3T3-L1 adipocyte differentiation, suggesting that alternatively activated macrophages may be involved in mediating the effects of rosiglitazone on adipose tissue morphology and mass. Our results suggest that short term rosiglitazone treatment increases infiltration of alternatively activated macrophages in adipose tissue. The alternatively activated macrophages might play a role in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent expansion and remodeling of adipose tissue.
ISSN	00219258
e-ISSN	1083351X
Journal	Journal of Biological Chemistry
Issue Number	33
Volume Number	283
Language	English
Publisher	American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (United States)
Publisher Date	2008-08-15
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Adipose Tissue Cytology Physiology Macrophage Activation Macrophages PPAR Gamma 3T3 Cells Physiopathology Animals Cell Line Diet, Fat-Restricted Dietary Fats Inflammation Etiology Liver Drug Effects Mice Mice, Inbred Strains Obesity Genetics RNA Isolation & Purification Thiazolidinediones Pharmacology Triglycerides Metabolism Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't Biochemistry Molecular Biology
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Cell Biology Biochemistry Molecular Biology

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