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A novel nonneuronal catecholaminergic system: exocrine pancreas synthesizes and releases dopamine.

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A novel nonneuronal catecholaminergic system: exocrine pancreas synthesizes and releases dopamine.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Hoffman, B. J. Eisenhofer, G. Harta, G. Mezey, E. Hunyady, B. Gould, L. Hansson, S.
Description	Author Affiliation: Mezey E ( Clinical Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Neurological Diseases and Stroke, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.);
Abstract	Cells of the exocrine pancreas produce digestive enzymes potentially harmful to the intestinal mucosa. Dopamine has been reported to protect against mucosal injury. In looking for the source of dopamine in the small intestine, we found that the duodenal juice contains high levels of dopamine and that the pancreas itself has a high dopamine [and dihydroxyphenylalanine (dopa)] content that does not change significantly after chemical sympathectomy. Furthermore, we were able to demonstrate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) activity in control pancreas as well as in pancreas from rats after chemical sympathectomy. Immunostaining and in situ hybridization histochemistry confirmed both the presence of TH, dopamine, and the dopamine transporter, and the mRNAs encoding TH and dopamine transporter, and the presence of both types of vesicular monoamine transporters in the exocrine cells of the pancreas. Since there are no catecholaminergic enteric ganglia in the pancreas, the above results indicate that pancreatic cells have all the characteristics of dopamine-producing cells. We suggest that the pancreas is an important source of nonneuronal dopamine in the body, and that this dopamine has a role in protecting the intestinal mucosa and suggests that dopamine D1b receptor agonists might be used to help mucosal healing in the gastrointestinal tract.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	19
Volume Number	93
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	1996-11-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Dopamine Biosynthesis Membrane Glycoproteins Membrane Transport Proteins Neuropeptides Pancreas Metabolism Receptors, Dopamine D1 Sympathectomy, Chemical Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid Animals Antibodies Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid DNA Primers Dihydroxyphenylalanine Secretion Immunohistochemistry In Situ Hybridization Molecular Sequence Data Oxidopamine Polymerase Chain Reaction RNA Probes RNA, Messenger Rats, Sprague-Dawley Transcription, Genetic Vesicular Biogenic Amine Transport Proteins Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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