NDLI: A possible evolutionary origin for the $Mn_{4}$ cluster of the photosynthetic water oxidation complex from natural $MnO_{2}$ precipitates in the early ocean

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A possible evolutionary origin for the $Mn_{4}$ cluster of the photosynthetic water oxidation complex from natural $MnO_{2}$ precipitates in the early ocean

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A possible evolutionary origin for the $Mn_{4}$ cluster of the photosynthetic water oxidation complex from natural $MnO_{2}$ precipitates in the early ocean

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Yachandra, Vittal K. Sauer, Kenneth
Description	Author Affiliation: Sauer K ( Melvin Calvin Laboratory, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. khsauer@lbl.gov);
Abstract	The photosynthetic water oxidation complex consists of a cluster of four Mn atoms bridged by O atoms, associated with Ca2+ and Cl-, and incorporated into protein. The structure is similar in higher plants and algae, as well as in cyanobacteria of more ancient lineage, dating back more than 2.5 billion years ago on Earth. It has been proposed that the proto-enzyme derived from a component of a natural early marine manganese precipitate that contained a CaMn4O9 cluster. A variety of MnO2 minerals are found in nature. Three major classes are spinels, sheet-like layered structures, and three-dimensional networks that contain parallel tunnels. These relatively open structures readily incorporate cations (Na+, Li+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Ba2+, H+, and even Mn2+) and water. The minerals have different ratios of Mn(III) and Mn(IV) octahedrally coordinated to oxygens. Using x-ray spectroscopy we compare the chemical structures of Mn in the minerals with what is known about the arrangement in the water oxidation complex to define the parameters of a structural model for the photosynthetic catalytic site. This comparison provides for the structural model a set of candidate Mn(4) clusters-some previously proposed and considered and others entirely novel.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	13
Volume Number	99
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2002-06-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Evolution, Molecular Manganese Compounds Chemistry Manganese Oxides Photosynthesis Oceans And Seas Oxidation-Reduction Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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