NDLI: Striking variation in the sex ratio of pups born to mice according to whether maternal diet is high in fat or carbohydrate.

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Striking variation in the sex ratio of pups born to mice according to whether maternal diet is high in fat or carbohydrate.

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Striking variation in the sex ratio of pups born to mice according to whether maternal diet is high in fat or carbohydrate.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Livingston, Kimberly A. Brokman, Angela M. Grimm, Kristie M. Lamberson, William E. Rosenfeld, Cheryl S. Roberts, R. Michael
Description	Author Affiliation: Rosenfeld CS ( Department of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.);
Abstract	In female mammals, it remains controversial whether maternal diet and particularly the source and availability of energy can influence sex of offspring born. Outbred female mice were fed ad libitum from 30 days to approximately 45 wk of age on defined, complete diets that differed only in their relative content of fat and carbohydrate to determine whether calorie source influenced litter size and sex ratio of pups. Diet 1 (very high in saturated fat, VHF) provided 60% of calories as fat, mainly lard. Diet 2 (low in saturated fat, LF) was low in fat (10% of calories) but high in carbohydrate. Mice delivered four litters of pups, resulting in a total of 1,048 young born over 108 pregnancies. Gestation length and litter size did not differ between VHF and LF groups and did not change as mice aged. Sex ratio of pups (fraction male) born to mothers on VHF diet was unusually high (0.67) and to mothers on LF diet very low (0.39) over litters 2, 3, and 4. This skewing of sex ratio was related to diets fed and not to body mass of mothers. Age of mothers was an important variable, however. Mice that were first bred at 10 wk of age delivered similar numbers of sons and daughters, whereas virgin mice bred later than 20 wk of age produced litters that were skewed toward males or females according to diet. The data show that the source of calories provided in a nutritionally complete diet to mature female mice can influence sex of offspring born.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	8
Volume Number	100
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2003-04-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	Dietary Carbohydrates Administration & Dosage Dietary Fats Maternal-Fetal Exchange Sex Ratio Animals Mice Models, Biological Pregnancy Species Specificity Comparative Study Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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