NDLI: Natural killer cells in HIV-1 infection: dichotomous effects of viremia on inhibitory and activating receptors and their functional correlates.

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Natural killer cells in HIV-1 infection: dichotomous effects of viremia on inhibitory and activating receptors and their functional correlates.

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Natural killer cells in HIV-1 infection: dichotomous effects of viremia on inhibitory and activating receptors and their functional correlates.

Content Provider	World Health Organization (WHO)-Global Index Medicus
Author	Mavilio, Domenico Marcenaro, Emanuela Moretta, Lorenzo Benjamin, Janet Planta, Marie A. Fauci, Anthony S. Lombardo, Gabriella Kottilil, Shyam Moretta, Alessandro Daucher, Marybeth Bottino, Cristina
Description	Author Affiliation: Mavilio D ( Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. dmavilio@niaid.nih.gov);
Abstract	Natural killer (NK) cells play a central role in host defense against various pathogens. Functional defects of NK cells in HIV-1 infection as a direct effect of abnormal expression or function of inhibitory NK receptors (iNKRs), activating natural cytotoxicity receptors (NCRs), and NKG2D have not yet been described. This study demonstrates an expansion of the functionally defective CD56-/CD16+ population of NK cells in viremic versus aviremic patients. We also demonstrate that in HIV-infected viremic patients, expression of iNKRs was well conserved and that in most cases, there was a trend toward increased expression on NK cells as compared with healthy donors. It was also demonstrated that the major activating NK receptors, with the exception of NKG2D, were significantly down-regulated. In contrast, the expression of iNKRs and activating receptors in HIV-infected individuals whose viremia was suppressed to below detectable levels by highly active antiretroviral therapy for 2 years or longer was comparable to that of healthy donors. Functional tests confirmed that the abnormal expression of the activating receptors and of iNKRs was associated with a markedly impaired NK cytolytic function. This phenomenon is not attributed to a direct HIV-1 infection of NK cells; thus, this study may provide insight into the mechanisms of impaired host defenses in HIV-1 viremic patients.
ISSN	00278424
e-ISSN	10916490
Journal	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Issue Number	25
Volume Number	100
Language	English
Publisher	National Academy of Sciences
Publisher Date	2003-12-01
Publisher Place	United States
Access Restriction	Open
Subject Keyword	HIV Infections Killer Cells, Natural Immunology Virology Antibodies, Monoclonal Metabolism Antigens, CD56 Biosynthesis Down-Regulation Flow Cytometry HIV-1 Interferon-gamma Leukocytes, Mononuclear Phenotype Polymerase Chain Reaction Receptors, IgG Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction Transforming Growth Factor Beta Multidisciplinary
Content Type	Text
Resource Type	Article
Subject	Multidisciplinary

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